The pragmatic role of nasal cytology: a point-of-care testing to implement precision medicine in clinical practice

Gelardi, Matteo; Landi, Massimo; Ciprandi, Giorgio

doi:10.29262/ram.v65i3.373

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Gelardi et al 6 identified a diagnostic instrumental method in nasal cytology (NC) that could be used in the differential diagnosis of AR and in the longitudinal evaluation of inflammatory state of nasal mucous in adults. The authors underlined that this reliable, rapid and easy to perform test, at a low cost, has all the requisites to be defined as POCT.…”

Section: Point Of Test Care In Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinomanometry: point of care test (POCT) for allergic rhinitis in children?

Malizia

Ferrante

Cilluffo

et al. 2021

aei

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem: its prevalence is 23% in Europe, although it is underestimated because as many as 45% of the cases remain undiagnosed. Globally, almost 500 million people suffer from AR, which shows its increasing incidences. The diagnostic course of AR is based on clinical history, supported by anterior rhinoscopy. This inspects the anterior part of the nasal cavity accompanied by allergic sensitivity tests (cutaneous allergic skin tests or specific immunoglobulin E levels). The availability of standardised diagnostic proceduresis able to provide objective evaluations of inflammatory situation, and the degree of nasal obstruction may give an advantage in reducing the risk of underestimating the diagnosis of AR. Diagnostic tests with a high level of accuracy are able to provide immediate results, which can sustain the doctor in diagnostic–therapeutic framework. The development of Point of Care Tests (POCTs) could be a useful tool. Considering that nasal obstruction is the mostcommon symptom in patients with AR, the rhinomanometry (RM) test is the most indicated objective evaluation for nasal obstruction. Several studies have also shown the practicability of such diagnostic techniques applied in children. So far, no study has evaluated whether all the applicable requirements are fulfilled by RM in order to be considered as a POCT. The purpose of this perspective was to assess whether all the POCT requirements are fulfilled by RM by conducting a narrative review of the existing literature in which RM has been used in the diagnosis and management of AR in children. A few but encouraging results of studies on children supported the potential use of RM in the area of POCT. However, costs of instruments and the training of personnel involved remain to be explored. The studies support the potential use of RM in POCTs.

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Section: Point Of Test Care In Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinomanometry: point of care test (POCT) for allergic rhinitis in children?

Malizia

Ferrante

Cilluffo

et al. 2021

aei

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“…Polyallergic patients with AR experienced significantly more severe nasal symptoms than monoallergic ones and showed higher infiltration of eosinophilic and inflammatory mast cells in nasal cytology. Thus, the inflammatory pattern in nasal cytology may be a useful instrument to better characterize the phenotypes and endotypes of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis and realize personalized treatments 34…”

Section: United Airway Disease As a Model Of Diagnosis And Care In Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel therapeutic targets for allergic airway disease in children

Giallongo¹,

Parisi²,

Licari³

et al. 2019

DIC

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The aim of precision medicine is setting up targeted therapies for selected patients that would ideally have high effectiveness and few side effects. This is made possible by targeted therapy drugs that selectively act on a specific pathway. Precision medicine is spreading to many medical specialties, and there is increasing interest in the context of allergic airway diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and asthma. This review is an update of new targets in the treatment of childhood allergic upper airway diseases and asthma, including the most recent biologic drugs that have already been licensed or are in the pipeline to be tested with children.

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“…Two types of non-allergic rhinitis of joined different cells infiltration are also distinguished, as non‐allergic rhinitis eosinophilic mast cell syndrome (NARESMA), in addition to the important eosinophilic infiltrate, in which a mast cell component (> 10% of total nasal cells) is detectable and non‐allergic rhinitis with mast cells (NARMA) characterized by the isolated mast cell infiltration (> 10% of total nasal cells). It is stressed that there is a need for further studies on the above-mentioned syndromes to determine the appropriate procedure to interpret the cytological tests in relation to the clinical picture of the patients and to introduce an effective treatment to avoid any complications 1 , 19 – 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scraping nasal cytology in the diagnostics of rhinitis and the comorbidities

Myszkowska

Bazgier

Brońska

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Nasal scraping cytology is a non-invasive tool used in the diagnostics of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. The study aimed to analyze to what extent the cytological picture of the nasal mucosa coincides with the diagnosis of a given disease, taking into account the content of eosinophils. Retrospective analysis of the cytograms performed in 842 patients was carried out in relation to the disease entities and the content of eosinophils. Significant relationship between the Epith:Infl ratio and the four groups of diseases (Chi2 = 9.6488; p = .014) was confirmed. The more intensive inflammation was found, the higher percentage of patients had manifested the increased level of eosinophils (> 1% in the inflammatory cells). The value of 20% of eosinophils in all counted cells corresponds to around 45% of eosinophils in the inflammatory cells in patients with the evident inflammatory picture. Allergic rhinitis presents a different cytological picture regarding the eosinophilic reaction against the background of the inflammation process: the higher degree of inflammation observed, the lower amount of eosinophils detected, with the exception of allergic rhinitis provoked by pollen allergens.

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The pragmatic role of nasal cytology: a point-of-care testing to implement precision medicine in clinical practice

Abstract: Nasal cytology provides quick information about phenotype and endotype and can be repeated during follow-up to assess post-treatment changes.

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Rhinomanometry: point of care test (POCT) for allergic rhinitis in children?

Rhinomanometry: point of care test (POCT) for allergic rhinitis in children?

Novel therapeutic targets for allergic airway disease in children

Scraping nasal cytology in the diagnostics of rhinitis and the comorbidities

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