The precambrian continental crust: Its structure, composition and evolution as revealed by deep drilling in the U.S.S.R.

Kremenetsky, A. A.; Ovchinnikov, L. N.

doi:10.1016/0301-9268(86)90013-6

Cited by 59 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The presence of high-salinity fluids in crystalline rocks has been reported at depths of several kilometers, during the German Continental Deep Drilling Program [KTB; Möller et al, 1997] and in the drill hole on the Kola Peninsula [Kremenetsky and Ovchinnikov, 1986]. All hydraulic experiments indicate highly permeable zones.…”

Section: Possibility Of Deeper Crustal Fluid Flowmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fluid palaeo-circulation generated by the Pyrenean orogeny and its potential role in the formation of lead-zinc deposits in the Cévennes region: a modelling approach

Jost

Violette

Macquar

et al. 2004

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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Recent studies of the host rock palaeomagnetism of the lead-zinc deposits on the Cévennes margins pointed towards regional fluid circulation from the early to middle Eocene. The hypothesis has therefore been put forward that mineralising fluids might have migrated as a consequence of the Pyrenean uplift. Based on this assumption, a digital model was developed to describe this palaeo-circulation along two reconstituted cross-sections, in early Eocene times. One of them extends from the Gulf of Lion to the Les Malines deposits at the southern end of the Cévennes mountains; the other one connects the Montagne Noire to Les Malines in order to test the hypothesis of a more localised fluid circulation. The modelling of heat and fluid circulation along these cross-sections is constrained mainly by fluid-temperature data, derived from analyses of fluid inclusions. The maximum recorded temperatures are about 150°C. The METIS code (Ecole des Mines, Paris) was used to test the transport scenarios while prescribing hydrodynamic characteristics in the series that would allow fluid flow. Gravity-driven flow is initiated at a high point, either the Montagne Noire or the Pyrenees. Drainage occurs at depth. The permeable formations concerned are: Cambrian dolomite in the cross-section beginning in the Montagne Noire, and Triassic and Liassic carbonate or sandstone formations in the other one. The fluids converge at the deposit site through faults on the margins of the Cévennes horst. The highest temperatures reproduced by the digital simulations in a steady-state regime are in the order of 80°C at the deposit site for each pathway. A sensitivity test showed that higher temperatures, in the order of 150°C, could only be reached with a heat flux of 120 mW.m -2 and by optimising such parameters as permeability, aquifer geometry and thermal conductivity. However, such a parameter set does not seem geologically feasible. The modelling demonstrates that circulation must have occurred at greater depths in the case of gravity-driven fluid flow. The most probable explanation is that the fluid migrated in the deep crustal basement and that, during its ascent along the faults bordering the Cévennes heights, it mixed with basinal brines migrating through shallower aquifers.Rôle potentiel des paléo-circulations de fluides engendrées par l'orogenèse pyrénéenne dans la genèse des minéralisations plomb-zinc péri-cévenoles : essai de modélisation Mots clés. -Paléohydrogéologie, Modélisation numérique, Circulation gravitaire, MVT, Bordure cévenole, Orogenèse pyrénéenne.Résumé. -Les études récentes sur le paléomagnétisme des roches qui renferment les gisements plombo-zincifères de la périphérie des Cévennes ayant mis en évidence des circulations de fluides régionales d'âge éocène inférieur à moyen, l'hypothèse d'une migration des fluides minéralisateurs liée à la surrection des Pyrénées est envisagée. Partant de cette hypothèse, une modélisation numérique de telles paléo-circulations a été mise en oeuvre selon deux transects reconstitués à l'Eocène...

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Section: Possibility Of Deeper Crustal Fluid Flowmentioning

confidence: 94%

Fluid palaeo-circulation generated by the Pyrenean orogeny and its potential role in the formation of lead-zinc deposits in the Cévennes region: a modelling approach

Jost

Violette

Macquar

et al. 2004

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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“…2), known as the Luostarin Series (Kozlovsky 1984). Because of the more complete sequence penetrated by the borehole, and the detailed geochemical studies which have been carried out on the core samples (summarized in Kozlovsky (1984) and Kremenetsky & Ovchinnikov (1986)), further discussion of the Pechenga Complex will concentrate on the Kola data.…”

Section: Pechenga Complex and Equivalents In Ussrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mayarvin Suite is dominated by amphibole-plagioclase and biotite-plagioclase schists, frequently containing abundant magnetite, and interpreted as a metamorphosed sequence of interbedded basalt and andesite lavas (Kremenetsky & Ovchinnikov 1986). A thin unit of conglomerate (the Talevin Suite) overlies the gneissose basement in a stratigraphic position equivalent to that of the Neverskrukk conglomerate in the Kirkenes district of Norway.…”

Section: Pechenga Complex and Equivalents In Ussrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samples from the Kautokeino Belt and the Finnmark Windows were analysed for major and trace elements by X-Ray Fluorescence at the Universities of Dundee and Newcastle, using procedures described elsewhere (Pharaoh & Pearce 1984;Pharaoh 1985 Kozlovsky (1984). The data upon which these mean values are based were obtained by a variety of methods (Kremenetsky & Ovchinnikov 1986). Major elements (except Na and K) were determined by wet chemical methods, alkali elements (Na, K and Rb) by flame absorption spectrometry, rare earth elements (plus Hf, Sc and Th) by neutron activation analysis and other trace elements by arc emission spectroscopy.…”

Section: Analytical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Proterozoic Metavolcanic Suites of the Northernmost Part of the Baltic Shield

Pharaoh¹,

Warren²,

Walsh³

1987

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Summary Metavolcanic rocks of Proterozoic age occur in three major supracrustal belts in the northernmost part of the Baltic Shield, in Norway and the USSR. In the west, the Kautokeino Belt , and its continuation into the tectonic windows of Finnmark, contains thick sequences of tholeiitic metabasalt the age of which is poorly constrained at present. In the Repparfjord Window, these basalts are strongly enriched in Fe, Ti, LIL and LREE and are chemically similar to modern continental flood basalts. Stratigraphic equivalents in the Alta area and Kautokeino Belt are less enriched in incompatible elements, and more like MORB in composition, although a within-plate setting is indicated by the field evidence. These differences are believed to reflect heterogeneity of the mantle source region, with a locally ‘enriched’ source in the Finnmark windows. The Karasjok Belt of central Finnmark forms the northward continuation of the Kittilä Belt of northern Finland. Amphibolitic rocks derived by metamorphism of tholeiitic basalts dominate the tectonostratigraphy of the greenstone belt. These are associated with metamorphosed komatiitic rocks which have recently yielded a Sm-Nd age of 2.1 Ga. The Karasjok Belt is interpreted as an early Proterozoic supracrustal sequence thrust westwards as an allochthonous sheet during uplift of the Lapland Granulite Complex in the Svecokarelian Orogeny at about 1.9 Ga. The Pechenga Complex of the USSR continues westward into Finnmark, and overlies the Archaean gneisses of the Kola Complex. The Kola Superdeep Borehole penetrated a metamorphosed supracrustal sequence 7 km thick, dominated by basalts and andesites of calcalkaline composition. The MORB-normalized geochemical patterns of these lavas indicate that they were erupted in a mature continental volcanic arc. The geochemical data support geotectonic models invoking rifting of pre-existing continental crust in the early Proterozoic. Komatiitic liquids were locally able to reach the earth’s surface, but probably only in the rift zones suffering greatest extension. Calcalkaline arc magmatic suites along the western edge of the Kola Craton reflect subduction of‘oceanic’ lithosphere, although no trace of this is preserved along the suture now marked by the Karasjok Belt.

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“…For paleo-detectors we envisage using comparatively small target volumes (10 cm) 3 , which can be obtained from much larger depths. For example, target materials may be obtained from the borecores of ultra-deep boreholes used for oil exploration and geological R&D. Existing boreholes have depths up to 12 km [71]. Cosmogenic backgrounds are exponentially suppressed with depth and will play virtually no role for target materials obtained from depths larger than ∼ 5 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleo-detectors: Searching for dark matter with ancient minerals

et al. 2019

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We explore paleo-detectors as an approach to the direct detection of Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter radically different from conventional detectors. Instead of instrumenting a (large) target mass in a laboratory in order to observe WIMP-induced nuclear recoils in real time, the approach is to examine ancient minerals for traces of WIMP-nucleus interactions recorded over timescales as large as 1 Gyr. Here, we discuss the paleo-detector proposal in detail, including background sources and possible target materials. In order to suppress backgrounds induced by radioactive contaminants such as uranium, we propose to use minerals found in marine evaporites or in ultra-basic rocks. We estimate the sensitivity of paleo-detectors to spin-independent and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleus interactions. The sensitivity to low-mass WIMPs with masses mχ 10 GeV extends to WIMP-nucleon cross sections many orders of magnitude smaller than current upper limits. For heavier WIMPs with masses mχ 30 GeV cross sections a factor of a few to ∼ 100 smaller than current upper limits can be probed by paleo-detectors.

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The precambrian continental crust: Its structure, composition and evolution as revealed by deep drilling in the U.S.S.R.

Cited by 59 publications

References 10 publications

Fluid palaeo-circulation generated by the Pyrenean orogeny and its potential role in the formation of lead-zinc deposits in the Cévennes region: a modelling approach

Fluid palaeo-circulation generated by the Pyrenean orogeny and its potential role in the formation of lead-zinc deposits in the Cévennes region: a modelling approach

Early Proterozoic Metavolcanic Suites of the Northernmost Part of the Baltic Shield

Paleo-detectors: Searching for dark matter with ancient minerals

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