The Precipitating Antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes Type 4

Hambly, Jean S.

doi:10.1099/00221287-18-1-285

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Among these are certain trypsin-sensitive substances described by Maxted in acid extracts of Group A, Type 2 streptococci which are not M substances (11). Hambly has reported somewhat similar findings for Type 4 streptococci (12). According to the results obtained by these investigators, the antigens which they have studied may be T antigens, although some of the properties of these proteins are different from those characteristic of T antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Occurrence of R Antigen Specific for Group a Type 3 Streptococci

Lancefield

1958

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Three different protein antigens, designated by the letters M, T, and R, have been shown to be present on the surface of Group A streptococci (1). With respect to streptococcal infections the M antigens are the most important, since they are essential to the virulence of the microorganisms and stimulate the production of protective antibodies in the infected or immunized animal. Accordingly, the M antigens were selected as the basis for classification of Group A streptococci into serological types.The serological type of a given Group A streptococcus is usually determined by specific precipitin tests for M antigen. Other immunological reactions dependent upon this antigen-antibody system can also be used for identification of either M antigen or its antibody. Thus, under appropriate conditions the following procedures have been used to obtain information about the type-specific reactions of M antigens and their antibodies: agglutination reactions, active and passive protection tests, anaphylaxis experiments, bactericidal tests dependent upon phagocytosis of sensitized streptococci, and occasionally complement fixation tests (2).In those cases in which precipitin or agglutination tests give equivocal results in attempted identification of the M antigen, definitive information can be derived from the more biological mouse protection and bactericidal tests. Thus, T antigens, which cause confusion in agglutination tests for type specificity, can be clearly differentiated from M antigens by protection or bactericidal tests. Similarly, these procedures serve to establish the fact that 28 R antigen is not one of the M proteins.The present report concerns a newly identified antigen found in certain Type 3 strains. The experiments reported in this paper show that it is not an M antigen. So far it has not been found in any other type or group of streptococci, but only in Group A streptococci, Type 3. Since this antigen, like the 28 R antigen, appears to represent another protein antigen which can interfere

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Occurrence of R Antigen Specific for Group a Type 3 Streptococci

Lancefield

1958

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…To ensure that these results were not due to mixed cultures, 24 isolated colonies each of type 3 capillary precipitin tests, each of these extracts gave the same cross-reactions with unabsorbed antisera as those described above. The common protective antigen may represent a unique situation in the particular strains of types 3 and 31 used for this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Protective Antigens of Group A Streptococci Types 3 and 31 and Types 46 and 51

1971

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Reciprocal cross-protective antigens have been demonstrated between types 3 and 31 cocci, and one-way cross-protective antigens have been demonstrated between types 46 and 51 cocci. The reciprocal cross-protective antigen of types 3 and 31 is distinct from the specific M protein of either type. In the one-way cross relationship, type 46 cocci contain both type 46 and type 51 M proteins and therefore stimulate protective antibodies against both types. Type 51 cultures contain only the homologous M antigen. These relationships were demonstrated by capillary precipitin tests, indirect bactericidal tests, and in agar-gel diffusion patterns. The practical significance of these relationships in the serological typing of group A streptococci is discussed along with their possible role in immunity to streptococcal infections in man.

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“…(iv) Antisera against cells of types 4, 29, 41, and 46 did not give a precipitin reaction with an extract of the provisional type B 3264. According to Hambly (1958), hot acid extracts of these cells contain the "B" antigen which is commonly found in types against which it is difficult to prepare anti-M sera. Antisera prepared against the provisional type B 3264 culture gave a * See text for dilutions used for inoculum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of the alkaline-treated vaccine for preparing type 4 antiserum appears to be particularly useful. Hambly (1958) discussed the problems relating to the preparation of this antiserum in detail. She reported that heat-killed vaccines from four freshly isolated strains and one laboratory strain of type 4 group A streptococcus failed to stimulate the production of M antibodies in rabbits, and she suggested the following possibilities for this: (i) the M antigen is masked by some other antigen such as the T or B antigen, (ii) the M antigen is readily lost from type 4 strains in laboratory media, or (iii) the type 4 strains do not contain an M protein comparable to that of other types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Method of Preparing Immunizing Antigens for the Production of Anti-M Sera Against Certain Serotypes of Group A Streptococci

Ashworth

Harrell

1965

J Bacteriol

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HARRELL. New method of preparing immunizing antigens for the production of anti-M sera against certain serotypes of group A streptococci. J. Bacteriol. 89:141-145. 1965.-Antisera against types 4, 29, 41, and 46 streptococci have been prepared by use of a vaccine killed by adjusting the pH to 11.7 and heating for 1 hr at 56 C. Heating at the high pH destroyed the antigenic material responsible for the major reciprocal crosses present in cells of types 4, 29, and 46 without affecting the M protein. Antisera prepared with the "alkaline-treated" vaccine did not contain the major reciprocal crosses. Antibodies against the M protein were shown to be present by the bactericidal test, failure to react in the precipitin test with acid extracts of homologous trypsinized cells, and retention of the precipitin reaction after absorption with homologous trypsinized cells. The antisera did not react with the "B" antigen of the provisional type B 3264. Type 11 antisera prepared with alkaline-treated vaccine did not contain antibodies against the M protein. The usefulness of this type vaccine, particularly for the preparation of type 4 antiserum, is discussed, as well as its limitations.

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The Precipitating Antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes Type 4

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Occurrence of R Antigen Specific for Group a Type 3 Streptococci

Occurrence of R Antigen Specific for Group a Type 3 Streptococci

Cross-Protective Antigens of Group A Streptococci Types 3 and 31 and Types 46 and 51

New Method of Preparing Immunizing Antigens for the Production of Anti-M Sera Against Certain Serotypes of Group A Streptococci

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