The Prediabetes Outcome at National Guard Primary Health Care Centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Retrospective Chart Review

Abstract

To identify the outcome of prediabetes and the interventions that have been implemented for prediabetic patients at primary healthcare centers (PHCs) affiliated with King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This retrospective chart-review study was carried out using the BestCare electronic health records (EHRs) system. Data from the PHCs of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were extracted. Inclusion criteria were patients with prediabetes who were diagnosed between January 2015 and December 2016, with at least one follow-up visit. Variables included demographics, comorbidities, blood sugar lab results, and lipid profile measurements at each visit and intervention at the time of the initial diagnosis. Fisher's Exact test, sign test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to assess the differences for non-normally-distributed variables, while a paired t-test was conducted for paired and normally distributed continuous variables. Data were analyzed using the statistical program SAS, version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC). Result Of the 92 patients followed up with for three years, 76.08% remained in the prediabetic range, while 16.4% regressed to a normal glycemic state (NGS) and 7.6% progressed to the diabetic range after intervention and follow-up for three years. Metformin use was not significant in the glycemic outcome. In comparison to the baseline, there was a considerable reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) and glycosylated hemoglobulin A1c (HbA1c) at the end of the follow-up. Conclusion We found that most of the patients remained in the prediabetic range after the three-year follow-up, with or without intervention. A commonly prescribed pharmacological intervention like metformin showed no regression benefit in most patients. More extensive prospective studies are needed to evaluate the outcome and adherence to different interventions.

Establishment of reference interval for hemoglobin A1C and other hemoglobin subfractions for healthy Saudi adults

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Investigating the relationship between vitamin-D deficiency and glycemia status and lipid profile in nondiabetics and prediabetics in Saudi population

“…[6] Furthermore, it is estimated that one-fourth of the Saudi population around the age of 30 has prediabetes, and 10% develop type 2 diabetes each year. [7] People with prediabetes are more likely to develop diabetic complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. [8] Furthermore, recent clinical trials have found that vitamin D supplements may help prediabetics avoid the development of diabetes.…”

Knowledge, attitudes and practice among primary care physicians in Sudan regarding prediabetes: A cross-sectional survey

“…[ 23 24 ] Prediabetes is also a condition that associated with an increase in different comorbidities like hypertension, fatty liver polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperlipideamia, metabolic syndrome, an increase risk of cardiovascular disease, decrease in chromium and an increase in oral lesions. Importantly, diabetes was significantly associated with high hospital mortality with COVID-19, but prediabetes was not statistically associated with high hospital mortality[ 25 26 27 28 29 ]…”