The prediction of pressure drop and variation of resistance within the human bronchial airways

Pedley, T. J.; Schroter, R. C.; Sudlow, M. F.

doi:10.1016/0034-5687(70)90094-0

Cited by 249 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Because of large aggregate cross-sectional area, airfl ow may be normal and distal airways have been labeled the "silent zone" of the lung. 39,40 Thus, detection of distal airway disease was dependent on detecting heterogeneity of airfl ow consistently higher in patients from the present study compared with subjects with ILD. Figure 5 illustrates the maximal recoil pressure as a function of TLC.…”

Section: Comparison With Ildmentioning

confidence: 54%

Lessons From the World Trade Center Disaster

Berger

Reibman

Oppenheimer

et al. 2013

Chest

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Background: The present study (1) characterizes a physiologic phenotype of restrictive dysfunction due to airway injury and (2) compares this phenotype to the phenotype of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Methods: This is a retrospective study of 54 persistently symptomatic subjects following World Trade Center (WTC) dust exposure. Inclusion criteria were reduced vital capacity (VC), FEV 1 /VC . 77%, and normal chest roentgenogram. Measurements included spirometry, plethysmography, diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (D LCO ), impulse oscillometry (IOS), inspiratory/expiratory CT scan, and lung compliance (n 5 16). Results: VC was reduced (46% to 83% predicted) because of the reduction of expiratory reserve volume (43% Ϯ 26% predicted) with preservation of inspiratory capacity (IC) (85% Ϯ 16% predicted). Total lung capacity (TLC) was reduced, confi rming restriction (73%

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Section: Comparison With Ildmentioning

confidence: 54%

Lessons From the World Trade Center Disaster

Berger

Reibman

Oppenheimer

et al. 2013

Chest

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“…As soon as the relation involves more than one parameter (as in the quadratic case), the notion itself becomes nebulous. We refer to [16,18] for a detailed account of extra factors that may affect the overall resistance, but we shall restrict ourselves here to the linear model that is based on a unique and constant parameter.…”

Section: Top-down Standpoint: Global Resistance Of the Respiratory Symentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Let us simply mention some resistance factors that have been disregarded here: inertial effects [18], upper airway resistance [26,27], resistance of the tissues [3] (although this part, strictly speaking, is not accounted for by the interrupter method mentioned above). We will nevertheless see in Section 3.2 that a significant part of this gap can be explained by the sole intrinsinc variability of geometrical parameters (branch dimensions).…”

Section: Fluid Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The resistance of the respiratory system, from top to bottom

Maury

2014

ESAIM: Proc.

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Abstract. This paper proposes different levels of modeling around the notion of resistance: from the single parameter that is commonly measured in medical practice, to more sophisticated settings that account for the geometrical characteristics of the respiratory tract.Résumé. Cet article propose différents niveaux de modélisation permettant de donner un sensà la notion de résistance de l'arbre bronchique: de l'approche macroscopique qui définit cette résistance comme un nombre unique, mesurable, permettant de quantifier les effets résistifs,à des cadres formels plus sophistiqués prenant en compte les multiples paramètres géométriques intervenant dans ces phénomènes dissipatifs.

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“…pulmonary artery ; anatomy ; microcirculation ; branching pattern Studies on lung structure have mostly focussed on the airways. Elucidation of airway branching patterns by Weibel (1963) has benefited various studies in the field of lung physiology (Pedley et al 1970). But regarding the pulmonary arteries, little has been studied on the circulatiry behavior based on their branching pattern (Cumming et al 1969;Overholser et al 1982), because complete analysis that could be used for designing a pulmonary arterial model has not been achieved due to the lack of morphological knowledge on the architecture of pulmonary arteries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Branching architecture of canine pulmonary arteries : A quantitative cast study.

Koike

Ohnuki

Ohkuda

et al. 1986

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the branching pattern of pulmonary artery. The excised right lower lobes of six mongrel dogs were fixed by perfusion with 1.2% glutaraldehyde solution. Pressure of the pulmonary artery, vein and airway were controlled during perfusion. After fixation, resin was injected manually into the artery. When resin was completely polymerized, the lung was placed in 15 N NaOH solution to remove lung tissue. The diameters and lengths of branches were measured by stereomicroscopy. The results obtained were as follows : (1) The basically dichotomous pulmonary arteries showed not only fairly regular dichotomies but monopolies, in the latter of which the diameter of parent branch was almost the same as that of its larger daughter branch. (2) The diameter of monopodiel branch was less than 500 p m, even when the parent branch was a large central segment. In arteries of over 1,000 p m in diameter, 75% or more of branchings were monopodies, whereas in small arteries of 200-300pm in diameter, half the bifurcations were monopolies. (3) At a bifurcation, the average daughter-to-parent diameter ratio was 0.8-0.9 for the larger daughter branch and 0.5 for the smaller one. (4) The average length of branches was in proportion to their average diameter. pulmonary artery ; anatomy ; microcirculation ; branching pattern Studies on lung structure have mostly focussed on the airways. Elucidation of airway branching patterns by Weibel (1963) has benefited various studies in the field of lung physiology (Pedley et al. 1970). But regarding the pulmonary arteries, little has been studied on the circulatiry behavior based on their branching pattern (Cumming et al. 1969;Overholser et al. 1982), because complete analysis that could be used for designing a pulmonary arterial model has not been achieved due to the lack of morphological knowledge on the architecture of pulmonary arteries. Moreover, an asymmetry of the pulmonary arterial system was pointed out (Singhal et al. 1973). Therefore, we should analyze morphological factors such as the diameter and length of vessels which appear closely related with the pulmonary vascular resistance (Bayliss 1962).

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The prediction of pressure drop and variation of resistance within the human bronchial airways

Cited by 249 publications

References 17 publications

Lessons From the World Trade Center Disaster

Lessons From the World Trade Center Disaster

The resistance of the respiratory system, from top to bottom

Branching architecture of canine pulmonary arteries : A quantitative cast study.

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