The Prediction of Young Homicide and Violent Offenders

Ahonen, Lia; Loeber, Rolf; Pardini, Dustin A.

doi:10.1080/07418825.2015.1081263

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Further, longitudinal studies on general populations show that there are many other predictors of violence in childhood and adolescence than mental health problems, and these factors are situated in the domains of the family, peer group, school, and neighborhoods (e.g., Ahonen, Loeber, & Pardini, 2015). Importantly, these predictors also apply to populations with schizophrenia/bipolar disorder and populations of youth with conduct disorder and those with early symptoms of ASPD, indicating that those individuals with serious mental health problems are often exposed to many of the known risk factors for violence.…”

Section: Conclusion Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Serious Mental Health Problems and Violence: Some Common Assumptions and Misconceptions

Ahonen

Loeber

Brent

2017

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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The media, the general public, and politicians often emphasize that mental illness is a precursor and a cause of violence, particularly emphasizing an assumed relationship between mental illness, including psychopathy and psychosis, and the use of guns to commit violence. We report which individuals with serious mental health problems have an increased risk to commit violence (including gun violence). Second, we answer the question to what extent serious mental health problems explain most violence and especially gun-related violence. And what is the opinion of experts on these questions? Third, we review which effective screening instrument can help to identify individuals with mental health problems who are at risk to carry a gun and commit violence. For policy makers and legislators, this article points out that most psychiatric disorders are not related to violence, with some exceptions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and often only in conjunction with substance use. We show that the attributable risk of mental illness to explain violence in general is low. We also emphasize that conduct disorder in late childhood or adolescence is a better predictor of violence than is mental illness at a later age. Empirically based screening methods to identify individuals with mental health problems who are prone to violence appear to have limited utility. Implications are discussed for clinicians and practitioners working in the justice system, researchers, and policy makers.

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Section: Conclusion Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Serious Mental Health Problems and Violence: Some Common Assumptions and Misconceptions

Ahonen

Loeber

Brent

2017

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…A focus on combinations, or constellations, of risk factors may better explain future violence than stand-alone criminogenic risk factors (Ahonen et al 2016;Berk and Bleich 2014;Bushway 2013;Onifade et al 2008). Classification tree analysis (CTA) seems suited to identify constellations of predictor variables associated with a particular outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constellations of youth criminogenic factors associated with young adult violent criminal behavior

et al. 2020

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This study identified constellations of childhood risk factors associated with violent criminal behavior in early adulthood. Police data were used to sample violent and nonviolent offenders from a population of young adult males with a history of juvenile probation. Risk factors were retrieved from their juvenile probation files. A single classification tree analysis organized these into a decision tree for violent criminal behavior with good predictive accuracy. Two constellations of risk factors were associated with a high risk of violent criminal behavior. The first consisted of juvenile delinquents who had been moderately involved with criminal peers, who had committed offenses under the influence of drugs, and who came from a dysfunctional family. The second was characterized by having been severely involved with criminal peers and having had criminal family members. Presenting with depressive symptoms in childhood was associated with a low risk of violent criminal behavior. These constellations bear clinical importance as they provide targets for personalized interventions.

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“…The relationship between major psychiatric disorders and homicide has been much debated. Although it is known that the vast majority of violent acts are committed by subjects without any history of psychiatric disorder (1), some research suggests that there is a correlation between the psychotic dimension and homicide (2‐8). Several studies showed that among those patients who suffered from schizophrenia (9‐11), also those who showed cognitive impairment or executive dysfunction, were at higher risk of committing violent acts (12), including homicide.…”

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confidence: 99%

Women and Men who Committed Murder: Male/Female Psychopathic Homicides

Carabellese

Felthous

Mandarelli

et al. 2020

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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The present study was designed to compare gender differences in psychiatric diagnosis with the dimension of psychopathy in women and men who had attempted or committed homicide. The study samples consisted of 39 homicidal females and 48 homicidal males who were confined in one of Italy’s REMS or prison facilities in two southern provinces of Italy (Puglia and Basilicata). Assessment instruments included the SCID‐5, the PID‐5 IRF, and the PCL‐R. Each gender group was stratified according to the level of criminal responsibility for the homicidal offense (full, partial, absent), and after assessments, according to the degree of the psychopathic dimension. There were clear gender differences in homicidal individuals. Female offenders were less likely to have had a record of criminal charges/convictions or imprisonment, and their homicides were more often intrafamilial, victimizing especially of their children, whereas males targeted intimate partners and extrafamilial victims. In the entire group, there was an inverse relationship between the level of psychopathy and the personality disorder on one side, and the psychotic disturbance on the other. Factor 2 (lifestyle/antisocial dimension) of the PCL‐R was higher among the homicidal males, whereas females tended to score higher on Factor 1 (the interpersonal/affective dimension). Finally, if the psychopathic dimension is a qualifier for antisocial personality disorder, as indicated in DSM‐5, this appears to be less true for females who tend to have other personality disorders.

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The Prediction of Young Homicide and Violent Offenders

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

The Association Between Serious Mental Health Problems and Violence: Some Common Assumptions and Misconceptions

The Association Between Serious Mental Health Problems and Violence: Some Common Assumptions and Misconceptions

Constellations of youth criminogenic factors associated with young adult violent criminal behavior

Women and Men who Committed Murder: Male/Female Psychopathic Homicides

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