The prefrontal corticotectal projection in the monkey; An anterograde and retrograde horseradish peroxidase study

Leichnetz, George R.; Spencer, Robert F.; Hardy, Sandro; Astruc, J.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(81)90068-3

Cited by 282 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…2 B). These projection neurons are known to be layer V pyramidal neurons (Leichnetz et al, 1981;Creutzfeldt, 1993). We recorded a total of 47 neurons from monkeys R and W while we searched for corticotectal neurons using antidromic stimulation (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkey Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal and Putative Interneurons Exhibit Differential Patterns of Activity Between Prosaccade and Antisaccade Tasks

Johnston¹,

DeSouza²,

Everling³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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Previous studies have shown that prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons carry task-related activity; however, it is largely unknown how this selectivity is implemented in PFC microcircuitry. Here, we exploited known differences in extracellular action potential waveforms, and antidromic identification, to classify PFC neurons as putative pyramidal or interneurons, and investigate their relative contributions to task-selectivity. We recorded the activity of prefrontal neurons while monkeys performed a blocked pro/antisaccade task in which they were required to look either toward or away from a peripheral visual stimulus. We found systematic differences in activity between neuron classes. Putative pyramidal neurons had higher stimulus-related activity on antisaccade trials, whereas putative interneurons exhibited greater activity for prosaccades. These findings suggest that task-selectivity in the PFC may be shaped by interactions between these neuronal classes. They are also consistent with the robust deficits in antisaccade performance frequently observed in disease states associated with PFC dysfunction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkey Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal and Putative Interneurons Exhibit Differential Patterns of Activity Between Prosaccade and Antisaccade Tasks

Johnston¹,

DeSouza²,

Everling³

2009

J. Neurosci.

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“…Although the direct projections from layer V of the dlPFC to the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (Goldman and Nauta, 1976;Leichnetz et al, 1981;Fries, 1984) are excitatory, it is unknown whether these axons synapse directly in saccade-related neurons or in inhibitory interneurons that mediate local and long-range inhibition in the SC (Sooksawate et al, 2011). Corticocortical neurons in primates are also excitatory and mainly form synapses with other excitatory neurons (White, 1989;Somogyi et al, 1998), although there are projections to inhibitory neurons that have been proposed to improve response selectivity in behavioral tasks (Medalla and Barbas, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prefrontal Cortex Deactivation in Macaques Alters Activity in the Superior Colliculus and Impairs Voluntary Control of Saccades

Koval

Lomber²,

Everling³

2011

Journal of Neuroscience

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The cognitive control of action requires both the suppression of automatic responses to sudden stimuli and the generation of behavior specified by abstract instructions. Though patient, functional imaging and neurophysiological studies have implicated the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in these abilities, the mechanism by which the dlPFC exerts this control remains unknown. Here we examined the functional interaction of the dlPFC with the saccade circuitry by deactivating area 46 of the dlPFC and measuring its effects on the activity of single superior colliculus neurons in monkeys performing a cognitive saccade task. Deactivation of the dlPFC reduced preparatory activity and increased stimulus-related activity in these neurons. These changes in neural activity were accompanied by marked decreases in task performance as evidenced by longer reaction times and more task errors. The results suggest that the dlPFC participates in the cognitive control of gaze by suppressing stimulus-evoked automatic saccade programs.

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“…Only the remaining 5% of synapses targeted smooth (putative g-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic) and spiny neurons in about equal proportions. Similarly, the great majority of corticotectal fibres-projecting from the cortex to the SC-target the ipsilateral SC [43][44][45]. These projections originate from pyramidal neurons and are thus also rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org Phil Trans R Soc B 368: 20130068 excitatory [41,46].…”

Section: Linking Inhibitory Control and Neural Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of the superior colliculus by the lateral prefrontal cortex

Everling

Johnston

2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Several decades of patient, functional imaging and neurophysiological studies have supported a model in which the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) acts to suppress unwanted saccades by inhibiting activity in the oculomotor system. However, recent results from combined PFC deactivation and neural recordings of the superior colliculus in monkeys demonstrate that the primary influence of the PFC on the oculomotor system is excitatory, and stands in direct contradiction to the inhibitory model of PFC function. Although erroneous saccades towards a visual stimulus are commonly labelled reflexive in patients with PFC damage or dysfunction, the latencies of most of these saccades are outside of the range of express saccades, which are triggered directly by the visual stimulus. Deactivation and pharmacological manipulation studies in monkeys suggest that response errors following PFC damage or dysfunction are not the result of a failure in response suppression but can best be understood in the context of a failure to maintain and implement the proper task set.

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The prefrontal corticotectal projection in the monkey; An anterograde and retrograde horseradish peroxidase study

Cited by 282 publications

References 26 publications

Monkey Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal and Putative Interneurons Exhibit Differential Patterns of Activity Between Prosaccade and Antisaccade Tasks

Monkey Prefrontal Cortical Pyramidal and Putative Interneurons Exhibit Differential Patterns of Activity Between Prosaccade and Antisaccade Tasks

Prefrontal Cortex Deactivation in Macaques Alters Activity in the Superior Colliculus and Impairs Voluntary Control of Saccades

Control of the superior colliculus by the lateral prefrontal cortex

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