The prehospital management of hypothermia — An up-to-date overview

Haverkamp, Frederike J. C.; Giesbrecht, Gordon G.; Tan, Edward

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2017.11.001

Cited by 62 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with the results of our study (10). A systematic review was conducted by Haverkamp et al (12) regarding current hypothermia treatment and their efficacy in pre-hospital hypothermia management. In this systematic review, 913 articles were retrieved in which 51 articles had a focus on either passive thermal or active heating.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Efficacy of rescue blanket versus conventional blanket in terms of preventing accidental hypothermia during patient transfer by emergency medical service: a randomized clinical trial

Saberian

Sadeghi

Hasani-Sharamin³

et al. 2019

J Emerg Pract Trauma

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Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of rescue blankets with conventional blankets in terms of preventing hypothermia in the pre-hospital setting. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, patients older than 18 years old with Cold Discomfort Scale (CDS) > 2, and those who were transferred to the emergency department (ED) by emergency medical service entered the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups based on the type of transfer. In this regard, one group was transferred with rescue blankets and the other group was transferred with conventional blankets. The tympanic temperature in patients and CDS were recorded before the use of blanket (primary) and at the time of arrival in the ED (secondary). Results: Finally, 161 patients with the mean age of 45.31±19.8 years were included (63.4% were male). Totally, 88 cases (54.7%) were transferred with rescue blankets and 73 cases (45.3%) with conventional blankets. The mean of the primary tympanic temperatures in the rescue and conventional blanket groups were 36.20±0.84°C and 36.34±0.65°C, respectively (P=0.23). The mean of the primary CDS in rescue and conventional blanket groups were 6.55±1.95 and 5.89±2.29, respectively (P=0.05). Also, the mean of the secondary tympanic temperatures in the rescue and conventional blanket groups were 36.59±0.47°C and 36.76±0.48 °C, respectively (P=0.03). Besides, the mean of the secondary CDS in the rescue and conventional blanket groups were 2.64±2.80 and 2.41±1.29, respectively (P=0.48). Conclusion: According to the results, there is no significant difference in the tympanic temperature and CDS of the patients transferred with the rescue blanket compared with the conventional blanket.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Efficacy of rescue blanket versus conventional blanket in terms of preventing accidental hypothermia during patient transfer by emergency medical service: a randomized clinical trial

Saberian

Sadeghi

Hasani-Sharamin³

et al. 2019

J Emerg Pract Trauma

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“…an involuntary drop in core body temperature (T core ) below 35°C. This is a potentially life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality (Brown, Brugger, Boyd, & Paal, 2012;Haverkamp, Giesbrecht, & Tan, 2018). The incidence of accidental hypothermia in outdoor recreationists is unknown but seems to be more common in outdoor activities performed at high altitude or in remote areas (Procter, Brugger, & Burtscher, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring body temperature during moderate intensity exercise and inactive recovery in the cold: a pilot study

Procter

Strapazzon

Gatterer

et al. 2019

CISS

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Exposure to cold ambient conditions during outdoor recreation can lead to significant heat loss. It is unknown how fast body temperature decreases or how fast a person could become hypothermic in cold temperatures. We present a series of pilot tests involving moderate intensity exercise and inactive recovery in the cold to monitor how body temperature changes with exposure to -10°C. The primary aim of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of the proposed protocol with the intention to design a main study. The primary questions were: (i) to what degree does body temperature increase or decrease with this protocol, (ii) whether epitympanic temperature is a suitable measure of core temperature using a recently developed, non-invasive device and (iii) if participants are able to tolerate the cold during inactive recovery. This pilot series included seven participants. After an acclimatization phase (15 minutes), participants exercised at 60% peak heart rate (20 minutes) followed by a seated, inactive recovery phase (15 minutes) in the cold. The mean ambient conditions were -10.0±0.4°C and 66.1±8.6% relative humidity and no wind. The primary findings based on the feasibility criteria were that body temperature increased while exercising at an intensity of 60% HRpeak and decreased during inactive recovery by -0.3±0.1°C (epitympanic temperature). Secondly, the agreement between epitympanic and esophageal temperature (mean difference 0.2°C, 95% confidence interval -0.5 to 0.0, p=0.095) was better than in previous studies. Finally, all participants were able to tolerate the cold and complete the study despite thermal discomfort and shivering in the recovery phase. This protocol was successful in showing small changes in body temperature during exercise and recovery in the cold, though some modifications to the current protocol are recommended to elicit a larger effect size.

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“…Accidental hypothermia in emergency situations can occur in people who are out for work or leisure activities, the homeless people, natural disasters, or in war situations. This type of hypothermia also occurs in any season or weather condition, including tropical or subtropical regions [12,13]. Accidental hypothermia is a serious threat to prehospital patients, and especially injured patients, since it can create a vicious cycle of hypothermia, acidosis and coagulation disorders known as lethal triad [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thermal Care Workshop on EMS Staff Readiness in managing Accidental Hypothermia in Trauma Patients

Pourrezaei

Dinmohammadi

Rouhi

2018

PCNM

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Background: Hypothermia is a common complication in trauma patients. Studies show that the management of hypothermia in trauma patients in the pre-hospital phase may be underestimated. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermal care workshop on the staff readiness to manage hypothermia in trauma patients. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized convenience sampling after obtaining the approval of the Research Ethics Committee and involved 60 qualified EMS staff who were divided into two groups including: intervention group (30 technicians) and control group (30 technicians). The intervention group received the treatment in the form of a workshop. Nonetheless, the control group did not receive any educational intervention. The data were collected before, immediately after and 45 days after the workshop to determine EMS staff readiness using a validated researcher-made questionnaire. In this study, the significance level was 0.5. Results: There was a significant difference between the posttest results of the control group and the intervention group (p<0.001). Moreover, in the intervention group, there were significant differences between the pretest results and the two posttest results (p<0.001). Finally, the readiness gained after the workshop lasted for 45 days. Conclusion: The thermal care workshop enhanced the readiness of emergency medical personnel. The generalization of the results of this study is restricted due to the fact that random selection and random assignment of participants were not possible in the present study. It is recommended that more robust studies be designed to evaluate, prevent and manage hypothermia in trauma patients in the pre-hospital phase.

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The prehospital management of hypothermia — An up-to-date overview

Cited by 62 publications

References 72 publications

Efficacy of rescue blanket versus conventional blanket in terms of preventing accidental hypothermia during patient transfer by emergency medical service: a randomized clinical trial

Efficacy of rescue blanket versus conventional blanket in terms of preventing accidental hypothermia during patient transfer by emergency medical service: a randomized clinical trial

Monitoring body temperature during moderate intensity exercise and inactive recovery in the cold: a pilot study

The Effect of Thermal Care Workshop on EMS Staff Readiness in managing Accidental Hypothermia in Trauma Patients

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