The Preparation and Bacteriostatic Activity of Substituted Ureas

Beaver, D. J.; Roman, Daniel P.; Stoffel, P. J.

doi:10.1021/ja01562a053

Cited by 78 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The phenyl isocyanates and phenyl isothiocyanates were prepared by slowly adding the corresponding aniline to solvents containing an excess of phosgene or thiophosgene (2). The 3.0 g tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, and 1.0 g sodium chloride per liter, adjusted to pH 7.95 with 1 N sulfuric acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitors of the Hill reaction

Good¹

1961

Plant Physiol.

199

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitors of the Hill reaction

Good¹

1961

Plant Physiol.

199

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“…This is used in commercial soaps and deodorants. It has good activity against gram positive bacteria as compared to gram negative bacteria and fungi (Beaver et al, 1957). It is considered that it acts by adsorbing and destroying the semi-permeable membrane of cytoplasm which kills the cell (Hamilton, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocides susceptibility pattern and phenotypic detection of Efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from two tertiary hospitals of Pakistan

Ahmad¹,

Urbas²,

Jamil³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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This study was conducted on wound isolates, collected both from in-patients and out-patients of two tertiary hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 70 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including 35 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 35 methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were tested using different biocides and antibiotics. The biocides used in this study were Cetrimide, Benzalkonium chloride, Chlorhexidine, Triclosan, Triclorcarban, PCMX, Cetylpyridinium chloride, Copper sulphate and Silver nitrate while antibiotics used in this study were Erythromycin, Clindamycin Neomycine, Minocycline, Ciproflaxacin, Oflaxacin, Fusidic acid, Vancomycin, Mupiracin, Rifampicin, Chloramphenenicol, Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, Tetracylcine and Penicillin G. Sensitivity of biocides was performed by minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) while the antibiotic susceptibility was carried out using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The phenotypic detection of efflux pump was performed by agar dilution method using Ethidium bromide (EtBr). Most of the S. aureus isolates were found highly resistant to antibiotics, while they showed high susceptibility to biocides. Among the biocides tested, only 22.8% isolates showed resistance to Cetrimide. Triclosan was found the most effective biocide which showed MIC 90 ≤0.05 µg/ml for both MRSA and MSSA. Among the Cetrimide resistant isolates, three isolates of MRSA and one isolate of MSSA showed the presence of phenotypic efflux pump. Most of the isolates collected in Pakistan which exhibited high antibiotic resistance profile were sensitive to biocides. This indicates that biocides are infrequently used in Pakistani hospitals while antibiotics are overused. This study does not support the hypothesis of cross resistance between antibiotics and biocides.

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“…The 3,4,4 0 -trichlorocarbanilide, whose structure is represented in scheme 1, currently known as trichlorocarban or TCC, was first prepared by Beaver et al, then working at the Monsanto Chemical Company in 1957 [1]. Besides its bacteriostatic properties, only the melting point was reported as T = (528.4 to 529.2) K. We decided to study the thermochemical properties and the crystal structure of TCC to finish a series of papers devoted to ureas: imidazolidin-2-one and N,N 0 -trimethyleneurea [2], where the structure of the related benzimidazolinone was also discussed, parabanic acid [3], and finally barbital [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%