The preparation of urchin-like La2O3 film and the superlow voltage electrowetting-on-dielectric response

Wang, Jian; Jin, Hongxia; Zhang, Jianwen; An, Yuying; Yin, Yangyang; Li, Yan; Wang, Chengwei

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2018.09.003

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Then CO 2 molecule would be released and left O atom to bond with the C atom to form the C−O bond, corresponding to the results of O 1s spectra at 531.8 eV. Moreover, the La−O bond cannot be observed in O/La-CN compared to pure La 2 O 3 , 54 which demonstrates that the La 2 O 3 crystal is not formed in O/La-CN. The La and O atoms are inclined to be spatially separated in O/La-CN.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

et al. 2020

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Photocatalytic CO2 conversion into valuable solar fuels is highly appealing, but lack of directional charge-transfer channel and insufficient active sites resulted in limited CO2 reduction efficiency and selectivity for most photocatalytic systems. Herein, we designed and fabricated rare-earth La single-atoms on carbon nitride with La–N charge-transfer bridge as the active center for photocatalytic CO2 reaction. The formation of La single-atoms was certified by spherical aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM, STEM-EELS, EXAFS, and theoretical calculations. The electronic structure of the La–N bridge enables a high CO-yielding rate of 92 μmol·g–1·h–1 and CO selectivity of 80.3%, which is superior to most g-C3N4-based photocatalytic CO2 reductions. The CO production rate remained nearly constant under light irradiation for five cycles of 20 h, indicating its stability. The closely combined experimental and DFT calculations clearly elucidated that the variety of electronic states induced by 4f and 5d orbitals of the La single atom and the p–d orbital hybridization of La–N atoms enabled the formation of charge-transfer channel. The La–N charge bridges are found to function as the key active center for CO2 activation, rapid COOH* formation, and CO desorption. The present work would provide a mechanistic understanding into the utilization of rare-earth single-atoms in photocatalysis for solar energy conversion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

et al. 2020

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“…Deionized (DI) water droplets (5 µL) were placed onto the ZnO NR surfaces. As shown in Supplementary Table S4 [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] , EWOD devices actually can use any aqueous (polar) liquids, including most water-based biofluids and chemical solutions 56 . However, aqueous solutions, in general, are tested in EWOD studies, because they are often required for some EW applications, such as lab-on-chip (chemical properties) and liquid lenses (optical properties) 51 .…”

Section: Deposition Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrowetting-on-dielectric characteristics of ZnO nanorods

Kim

Mirzaei

Kim

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Herein, we report the electrowetting-on-dielectric (eWoD) characteristics of Zno nanorods (nRs) prepared via the hydrothermal method with different initial Zn 2+ concentrations (0.03, 0.07, and 0.1 M). Diameter of the resultant ZnO NRs were 50, 70 and 85 nm, respectively. Contact angle (CA) measurements showed that the Teflon-coated ZnO NRs with diameters of 85 nm prepared from the 0.1 M solution had the highest CA (137°). During the EWOD studies, on the application of a voltage of 250 V, the water CA decreased to 78°, which demonstrates the potential application of this material in EWOD electronics. Furthermore, we explained the relationship between the applied voltage and CA based on the substrate nanostructures and our newly developed NR-on-film wetting model. In addition, we further validated our model by introducing the homo-composite dielectric structure, which is a composite of thin layered ZnO/Teflon and nano-roded ZnO/Teflon. Electrowetting (EW) is defined as the decrease in contact angle (CA) when a sufficiently large driving voltage is applied to the interface of solid/liquid. In direct EW, a voltage is used between a liquid and an electrode. Charges and dipoles redistribute at the interface between the liquid and solid, which changes the surface tension, leading to a decrease in the CA of the liquid droplets. However, direct EW can electrolyze the liquid before any change in the water contact angle (WCA), which limits its application 1. To overcome this issue, electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) can be used. In this technique, a dielectric material is sandwiched between the liquid of interest and the underlying electrode (Fig. 1). EWOD is very effective for significantly changing the CA, because the dielectric layer effectively blocks the process of charge transfer at the liquid/electrode interface, which eliminates unwanted electrolysis 2. Therefore, EWOD is used to facilitate EW on solids, for practical applications. Although EWOD devices permit a large CA change, they generally need a high driving voltage. The dielectric layer blocks the transfer of electrons, while sustaining high voltage at the interface, which results in an electric double layer (EDL) formation in the presence of the applied voltage. When a hydrophobic dielectric material is used, the large initial WCA can result in a large change in the WCA 3. The advantages of EWOD include low power consumption, large WCA change, and fast response. It is therefore promising for diverse applications, including lab-on-chips 4 , liquid lenses 5 , optical waveguides 6 , electronic displays 7, 8 , microprism arrays 9 , and smart microbatteries 10. SiO 2 is a highly popular material for EWOD studies 11 because of its excellent compatibility with the microelectronic industry. In our previous study 12 , we investigated the EWOD properties of electrospray-deposited SiO 2 layers and found that the WCA of the optimal SiO 2 layer underwent a hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic transition under a driving voltage of 150 V in air. A novel EWOD mechanism, wherein the ...

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“…Otherwise, the largest the contact angle of 126 • in the same composition was remarkably larger than the pure PDMS/P(VDF-TrFE) (110 • ). These improved properties have more potential applications in the electric wetting devices.Polymers 2020, 12, 574 2 of 11 complex, and the experimental conditions are usually at high temperature and high pressure [6,7]. In order to make full use of the advantages of inorganic and polymer dielectric materials, some researchers have proposed a two-layer structure with a composite of an organic hydrophobic layer on the surface and an inorganic layer with a high dielectric constant on the bottom [6,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Micro Bulge Structure with Uniform PS Microspheres for Boosted Dielectric Hydrophobic Blend Films

et al. 2020

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In this paper, homogeneous polystyrene (PS) microspheres with controllable sizes of 40 nm, 80 nm, and 120 nm were synthesized by controlling the temperature of solvothermal method. In order to explore the effect of PS microspheres on dielectric-hydrophobic properties of the composite films, the composite films containing polystyrene, Polydimethylsiloxane, and P(VDF-TrFE) with high dielectric and hydrophobicity were successfully prepared by a simple and feasible solution blending method. The dielectric constant and hydrophobicity of composite films were boosted by increasing the mass fraction of PS content and decreasing the size of PS due to the enhanced interfacial polarization and the uniform surface micro bulge structure. Meanwhile, the composite films maintain a low loss tangent. Typically, the dielectric constant with 5 wt.% 40 nm PS reached to 29 at 100Hz, which is 4 times that of PDMS/P(VDF-TrFE) (mass ratio: 2/3). Otherwise, the largest the contact angle of 126° in the same composition was remarkably larger than the pure PDMS/P(VDF-TrFE) (110°). These improved properties have more potential applications in the electric wetting devices.

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The preparation of urchin-like La2O3 film and the superlow voltage electrowetting-on-dielectric response

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Electrowetting-on-dielectric characteristics of ZnO nanorods

Designing Micro Bulge Structure with Uniform PS Microspheres for Boosted Dielectric Hydrophobic Blend Films

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The preparation of urchin-like La2O3 film and the superlow voltage electrowetting-on-dielectric response

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Electrowetting-on-dielectric characteristics of ZnO nanorods

Designing Micro Bulge Structure with Uniform PS Microspheres for Boosted Dielectric Hydrophobic Blend Films

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Product

Resources

About

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Rare-Earth Single-Atom La–N Charge-Transfer Bridge on Carbon Nitride for Highly Efficient and Selective Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction