The presence of colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and -3 in ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from food in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Abstract

Colistin is indicated for the treatment of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria harbouring an mcr gene has become a serious concern. This study investigated local foods in Vietnam for contamination with colistin-resistant bacteria. A total of 261 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolates from 330 meat and seafood products were analysed for colistin susceptibility and the presence of mcr genes. Approximately, 24% (62/261) of ESBL- or AmpC-producing E. coli isolates showed colistin resistance; 97% (60/62) of colistin-resistant isolates harboured mcr-1, whereas 3% (2/62) harboured mcr-3. As the result of plasmid analysis of two strains, both plasmids harbouring mcr-3 revealed that plasmid replicon type was IncFII. Sequencing analysis indicated that an insertion sequence was present near mcr-3, suggesting that IncFII plasmids harbouring mcr-3 could be transferred to other bacterial species by horizontal transfer of the plasmid or transfer with some insertion sequence. In conclusion, ESBL-producing E. coli and AmpC-producing E. coli have acquired colistin resistance because 24% of such isolates show colistin resistance and 3% of the colistin-resistant strains harbour mcr-3. We reported the present of the mcr-3-carrying ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from pork in Vietnam.

Prevalence of Multidrug Resistant Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Cattle Meat and Its Contact Surfaces

“…E. coli with both drug resistance and shiga toxin-encoding genes may make high virulence strains which represent a great health hazard for consumers. In agreement with the obtained results, multidrug resistance profiles for E. coli serovars were also reported in many recent studies conducted in Ghana (Eibach et al, 2018), Korea (Kim et al, 2018), Peru (Ruiz-Roldán et al, 2018), USA (Davis et al, 2018), and Vietnam (Yamaguchi et al, 2018).…”

Farm animals and aquaculture: significant reservoirs of mobile colistin resistance genes

“…Related to the high prevalence of mcr-1 among bacteria from chickens, retail chicken meat also showed a high prevalence of mcr-1positive bacterial isolates (Supporting Information Table S1). The highest reported prevalence of mcr-1positive bacteria in animal-derived food products was 38.9% among chicken meat samples from Vietnam (Yamaguchi et al, 2018), followed by 24.8% of chicken meat samples from the Netherlands (Schrauwen et al, 2017) and 19.5% of chicken meat samples from Brazil (Monte et al, 2017). One report from the Czech Republic revealed an extremely high prevalence (70.6%, 12/17) of mcr-1-positive bacteria in turkey meat samples, but this was confounded by the very small data set (Gelbicova et al, 2020).…”

Quantitative Analysis of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia Coli in Retail Meat from Local Vietnamese Markets

“…In brief, DNA was extracted from the isolates by boiling the bacterial suspension in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethaneethylenediaminetetraacetic acid buffer. The presence of mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, and mcr-5 was detected using PCR, as described previously [11].…”

“…Thus, the extremely high prevalence of CR-E. coli in healthy residents might be attributed to the transmission of these bacteria from livestock to humans via diet. Increased attention should be paid toward monitoring CR bacteria and CR-related genes in foods obtained from animal sources [11,12].…”