The Presence of Phage Orthologous Genes inHelicobacter pyloriCorrelates with the Presence of the Virulence FactorsCagAandVacA

Kyrillos, Alexandra; Arora, Gaurav; Murray, Bradley; Rosenwald, Anne G.

doi:10.1111/hel.12282

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Studies on the epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology and treatment of H. pylori has been overwhelming within the last three decades. H. pylori is equipped with several virulence factors (18) such as flagella, colonization factors, urease and peroxidase enzymes and vacuolating cytokine A (Vac A) (19) which has made it a very potent agent evading human immune system and resistant to antimicrobials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey-Derived Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Alleviates Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Gastro-Intestinal Infection and Gastric Inflammation in C57bl/6 Mice: An Immuno-Histologic Study

Asgari

Kermanian

Derakhshan

et al. 2018

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been introduced by since 1983 by Marshal and Warren to play the main role in the pathophysiology of gastritis and gastric ulcers. Almost half of the world population1 is infected by H. pylori. Current therapeutic regimen against H. pylori includes the use of a proton pump inhibitor plus two or more antibiotics. However, the efficacy of this regimen is decreasing mainly due to antibiotic resistance and side effects of medications. This fact has resulted in public interest in other therapeutic options and the role of probiotics merits special attention in this regard. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of honey-derived Lactobacillus rhamnosus on H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation and gastro-intestinal infection in C57BL/6 Mice. METHODS: The 24 C57BL/6 Mice were randomly divided into three groups of eight mice each. All the mice were fed with 1cc suspension containing 5*1010 CFU/ mL of ATCC43504 strains of H. pylori for 3 consecutive days, twice daily via polyethylene gavage tubes. At the end of 4th week, infection with H. pylori was confirmed with stool Ag (ELISA) and following sacrifice of one mouse from each group, histopathologic study confirmed gastritis. The groups were subjected to different therapies as stated, 1: without Bismuth (Bi), Omeprazole (Om) and L. rhamnosus prescription, 2: Bi, Om and Clarithromycin (Cl) and 3: Bi, Om plus 1cc of suspension of 109 CFU/mL of L. rhamnosus. After 2 weeks, the stool was analyzed for Ag and the mice were sacrificed for evaluation of histopathologic changes. RESULTS: Treatment with L. rhamnosus group provided Zero titer of stool Ag and was associated with improved gastric inflammation in all subjects, similar to the clarithromycin group. CONCLUSION: Honey-derived L. rhamnosus probiotics provides similar results as clarithromycin in terms of improvement of H. pylori infection and gastritis in C57BL/6 Mice model, without its cons of antibiotic resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey-Derived Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Alleviates Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Gastro-Intestinal Infection and Gastric Inflammation in C57bl/6 Mice: An Immuno-Histologic Study

Asgari

Kermanian

Derakhshan

et al. 2018

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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“…However, Kyrillos A et al. , by screening phage sequences on 335 strains, showed a correlation between the presence of phage sequences and two major virulence factors CagA and VacA. This will have to be confirmed in the future because a prophage has just been identified in the genome of a cag PAI‐negative strain isolated from a Mexican patient suffering from gastric cancer …”

Section: Helicobacter Pylori Prophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics of Helicobacter pylori

2017

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As Helicobacter pylori infects half the world's population and displays an extensive intraspecies diversity, genomics is a powerful tool to understand evolution and disease, to identify factors that confer higher risk of severe sequelae, and to find new approaches for therapy both among bacterial and host targets. In line with these objectives, this review article summarizes the major findings in Helicobacter genomics in papers published between April 2016 and March 2017.

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“…The development of the genomic studies, especially using high-throughput genome sequencing led to the first reports of prophages, some remnant 27 , others apparently complete and capable of going through a lytic cycle 11 28 29 30 31 32 . Strains carrying prophages do not appear to have a higher pathogenicity or association with particular disease patterns 11 33 , but it has been suggested that the presence of phage orthologous genes correlates with the presence of cagA and/or vacA virulence genes 34 . The population to which prophages belong is determined by prophage sequence typing (PST), which targets two prophage genes (integrase and holin) of H. pylori and applies a Bayesian clustering analysis for the identification of distinct genetic populations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic structure and insertion sites of Helicobacter pylori prophages from various geographical origins

Vale

Nunes

Oleastro

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Helicobacter pylori genetic diversity is known to be influenced by mobile genomic elements. Here we focused on prophages, the least characterized mobile elements of H. pylori. We present the full genomic sequences, insertion sites and phylogenetic analysis of 28 prophages found in H. pylori isolates from patients of distinct disease types, ranging from gastritis to gastric cancer, and geographic origins, covering most continents. The genome sizes of these prophages range from 22.6–33.0 Kbp, consisting of 27–39 open reading frames. A 36.6% GC was found in prophages in contrast to 39% in H. pylori genome. Remarkably a conserved integration site was found in over 50% of the cases. Nearly 40% of the prophages harbored insertion sequences (IS) previously described in H. pylori. Tandem repeats were frequently found in the intergenic region between the prophage at the 3′ end and the bacterial gene. Furthermore, prophage genomes present a robust phylogeographic pattern, revealing four distinct clusters: one African, one Asian and two European prophage populations. Evidence of recombination was detected within the genome of some prophages, resulting in genome mosaics composed by different populations, which may yield additional H. pylori phenotypes.

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The Presence of Phage Orthologous Genes inHelicobacter pyloriCorrelates with the Presence of the Virulence FactorsCagAandVacA

Abstract: phiHP33 phage orthologous sequences might be of significance in understanding virulence of different H. pylori strains.

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Honey-Derived Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Alleviates Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Gastro-Intestinal Infection and Gastric Inflammation in C57bl/6 Mice: An Immuno-Histologic Study

Honey-Derived Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Alleviates Helicobacter Pylori-Induced Gastro-Intestinal Infection and Gastric Inflammation in C57bl/6 Mice: An Immuno-Histologic Study

Genomics of Helicobacter pylori

Genomic structure and insertion sites of Helicobacter pylori prophages from various geographical origins

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