2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.075
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The presence of polychlorinated biphenyls in yellow pigment products in China with emphasis on 3,3′-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB 11)

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Cited by 65 publications
(45 citation statements)
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“…Of the 209 PCB congeners, the twelve dioxin-like and six indicator PCBs were usually concerned due to their high toxicity and high concentrations in the environment. In recent years, 3,3 0 -dichlorobiphenyl (CB-11), an non-Aroclor PCB congener, has attracted great attention due to its ubiquitous presence and specific potential emission sources associated with pigment yellow production (Choi et al, 2008;Ross et al, 2008;Lehmler et al, 2009;Shang et al, 2014 Signature of chiral PCBs provide a useful tool to investigate biotransformation mechanisms of PCBs (Dang et al, 2010). Chiral pollutants exist in two forms as optical isomers, called enantiomers (Fisk et al, 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Of the 209 PCB congeners, the twelve dioxin-like and six indicator PCBs were usually concerned due to their high toxicity and high concentrations in the environment. In recent years, 3,3 0 -dichlorobiphenyl (CB-11), an non-Aroclor PCB congener, has attracted great attention due to its ubiquitous presence and specific potential emission sources associated with pigment yellow production (Choi et al, 2008;Ross et al, 2008;Lehmler et al, 2009;Shang et al, 2014 Signature of chiral PCBs provide a useful tool to investigate biotransformation mechanisms of PCBs (Dang et al, 2010). Chiral pollutants exist in two forms as optical isomers, called enantiomers (Fisk et al, 2002).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several studies in the US, Japan, and China reported PCB 11 detection in azo-type paint pigments that cover a range of vivid colors such as reds, oranges, and yellows. 18,21,22 Therefore, we conclude that PCB 11 is ubiquitously present as a byproduct in commercial pigment applications, particularly in printed materials.…”
Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…1417 Moreover, studies indicate that an additional current source of these toxic LC-PCBs may be their inadvertent production in the manufacture of certain dyes and pigments. 1820 When compared to higher chlorinated PCBs (>4 chlorine atoms per congener) also present in traditional Aroclor mixtures and in dyes and pigments, the LC-PCBs are more highly susceptible to metabolic transformation and exhibit a higher vapor pressure, thereby making them more easily volatilized. 21 Exposure to these volatile PCBs via inhalation allows for their facile transfer into the blood via the lungs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%