The present and future for population genetics, species boundaries, biogeography and conservation

Fay, Michael F.; Gargiulo, Roberta; Viruel, Juan

doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boz076

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Two were shared by genotypes from São Paulo and Minas Gerais, and one was exclusive to genotypes collected in Mato Grosso do Sul. The morphological characteristics of A. aculeata include larger fruits (3.5 and 5.0 cm) and a pulp oil content that can reach approximately 78% (27,(68)(69)(70) while the fruits of A. totai are smaller (2.5 and 3.5 cm) with a pulp oil content between 26% and 33% [83][84][85] (68,71,72).…”

Section: A Totaimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population genetics approach can assist in species delimitation and provide reference information on the genetic diversity and structure within and between species. Such knowledge is essential for more efficient management and economic exploration of the species and can guide strategies for domestication and conservation of these genetic resources [26][27][28]. A. aculeata is an emerging crop with incipient domestication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide SNP analysis to assess the genetic population structure and diversity of Acrocomia species

et al. 2021

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Acrocomia (Arecaceae) is a genus widely distributed in tropical and subtropical America that has been achieving economic interest due to the great potential of oil production of some of its species. In particular A. aculeata, due to its vocation to supply oil with the same productive capacity as the oil palm (Elaeis guineenses) even in areas with water deficit. Although eight species are recognized in the genus, the taxonomic classification based on morphology and geographic distribution is still controversial. Knowledge about the genetic diversity and population structure of the species is limited, which has limited the understanding of the genetic relationships and the orientation of management, conservation, and genetic improvement activities of species of the genus. In the present study, we analyzed the genomic diversity and population structure of Acrocomia genus, including 172 samples from seven species, with a focus on A. aculeata with 117 samples covering a wide geographical area of occurrence of the species, using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers originated from Genotyping By Sequencing (GBS).The genetic structure of the Acrocomia species were partially congruent with the current taxonomic classification based on morphological characters, recovering the separation of the species A. aculeata, A. totai, A. crispa and A. intumescens as distinct taxonomic groups. However, the species A. media was attributed to the cluster of A. aculeata while A. hassleri and A. glauscescens were grouped together with A. totai. The species that showed the highest and lowest genetic diversity were A. totai and A. media, respectively. When analyzed separately, the species A. aculeata showed a strong genetic structure, forming two genetic groups, the first represented mainly by genotypes from Brazil and the second by accessions from Central and North American countries. Greater genetic diversity was found in Brazil when compared to the other countries. Our results on the genetic diversity of the genus are unprecedented, as is also establishes new insights on the genomic relationships between Acrocomia species. It is also the first study to provide a more global view of the genomic diversity of A. aculeata. We also highlight the applicability of genomic data as a reference for future studies on genetic diversity, taxonomy, evolution and phylogeny of the Acrocomia genus, as well as to support strategies for the conservation, exploration and breeding of Acrocomia species and in particular A. aculeata.

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Section: A Totaimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide SNP analysis to assess the genetic population structure and diversity of Acrocomia species

et al. 2021

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“…As measures to conserve landscapes and species are urgently progressing in this era of biodiversity crisis and climate change (Dawson et al 2011;Sgro et al 2011;Luque et al 2018;Nunez et al 2019;Tittensor et al 2019), it is becoming clear that phylogenetic principles have been emerging as a cornerstone of such endeavors (Erwin, 1991;Vane-Wright et al 1991;Williams et al 1991;Vázquez and Gittleman 1998;Moritz et al 2000;Forest et al 2007;Harvey et al 2011;Sgro et al 2011;Rolland et al 2012;Winter et al 2012;Shaffer et al 2015;Beaumont and Wang 2019;Fay et al 2019;Holderegger et al 2019). Successful conservation programs not only turn on the simple understanding of what species exist (i.e., taxonomy) and how they are distributed across a landscape (Mace 2004), but they are becoming more informed by robust evolutionary analyses.…”

Section: Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation

Grismer¹,

Wood²,

Poyarkov³

et al. 2021

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The gekkonid genus Cyrtodactylus is the third most speciose vertebrate genus in the world, containing well over 300 species that collectively range from South Asia to Melanesia across some of the most diverse landscapes and imperiled habitats on the planet. A genus-wide phylogeny of the group has never been presented because researchers working on different groups were using different genetic markers to construct phylogenies that could not be integrated. We present here Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference mitochondrial and mito-nuclear phylogenies incorporating of 310 species that include dozens of species that had never been included in a genus-wide analysis. Based on the mitochondrial phylogeny, we partition Cyrtodactylus into 31 well-supported monophyletic species groups which, if used as recommended herein, will increase the information content of future integrative taxonomic analyses that continue to add new species to this genus at an ever-increasing annual rate. Data presented here reiterate the outcome of several previous studies indicating that Cyrtodactylus comprises an unprecedented number of narrow-range endemics restricted to single mountain tops, small islands, or karst formations that still remain unprotected. This phylogeny can provide a platform for various comparative ecological studies that can be integrated with conservation management programs across the broad diversity of landscapes and habitats occupied by this genus. Additionally, these data indicate that the true number of Cyrtodactylus remains substantially underrepresented.

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“…Analyses to understand genetic structure and the partitioning of genetic diversity within and among populations can be used to help understand life history attributes (such as mating systems and breeding systems [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]), migration and habitat connectivity [21][22][23][24][25], and the demographic history of populations [26][27][28]. Using both neutral markers and those under selection, genetic data can be used to delineate conservation units [29,30], which can help facilitate the design of strategies to most effectively conserve the genetic diversity of a rare species in the face of limited resources [31,32]. Genetic data can also be used to help resolve species boundaries, such as determining whether a rare species is genetically unique and worthy of protection or whether it is instead a subpopulation of a more widespread species [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation genetics of the threatened plant species Physaria filiformis (Missouri bladderpod) reveals strong genetic structure and a possible cryptic species

et al. 2021

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Understanding genetic diversity and structure in a rare species is critical for prioritizing both in situ and ex situ conservation efforts. One such rare species is Physaria filiformis (Brassicaceae), a threatened, winter annual plant species. The species has a naturally fragmented distribution, occupying three different soil types spread across four disjunct geographical locations in Missouri and Arkansas. The goals of this study were to understand: (1) whether factors associated with fragmentation and small population size (i.e., inbreeding, genetic drift or genetic bottlenecks) have reduced levels of genetic diversity, (2) how genetic variation is structured and which factors have influenced genetic structure, and (3) how much extant genetic variation of P. filiformis is currently publicly protected and the implications for the development of conservation strategies to protect its genetic diversity. Using 16 microsatellite markers, we genotyped individuals from 20 populations of P. filiformis from across its geographical range and one population of Physaria gracilis for comparison and analyzed genetic diversity and structure. Populations of P. filiformis showed comparable levels of genetic diversity to its congener, except a single population in northwest Arkansas showed evidence of a genetic bottleneck and two populations in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas showed lower genetic variation, consistent with genetic drift. Populations showed isolation by distance, indicating that migration is geographically limited, and analyses of genetic structure grouped individuals into seven geographically structured genetic clusters, with geographic location/spatial separation showing a strong influence on genetic structure. At least one population is protected for all genetic clusters except one in north-central Arkansas, which should therefore be prioritized for protection. Populations in the Ouachita Mountains were genetically divergent from the rest of P. filiformis; future morphological analyses are needed to identify whether it merits recognition as a new, extremely rare species.

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The present and future for population genetics, species boundaries, biogeography and conservation

Cited by 13 publications

References 64 publications

Genome-wide SNP analysis to assess the genetic population structure and diversity of Acrocomia species

Genome-wide SNP analysis to assess the genetic population structure and diversity of Acrocomia species

Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation

Conservation genetics of the threatened plant species Physaria filiformis (Missouri bladderpod) reveals strong genetic structure and a possible cryptic species

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