The preservative 2‐(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole: A potential allergen in leather products

Herman, Anne; Goossens, An; Tennstedt, Dominique; Bergendorff, Ola; Isaksson, Marléne; Mowitz, Martin; Baeck, Marie

doi:10.1111/cod.13295

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…About 10 years ago, footwear dermatitis due to dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in leather was reported in parallel to the epidemic of "sofa dermatitis" due to DMF used as antimycotic substance at that time. [16][17][18][19][20][21] Recent case reports have shown that octylisothiazolinone, 22 dialkyl thioureas, 23 dimethylthio-carbamylbenzothiazole sulphide (DMTBS), 24,25 2-(thiocyano-methylthio)benzothiazole (TCMTB), 26 acetophenone azine, 27,28 and Tinuvin 770 (bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate; BTMPS) 29 may also be important shoe allergens, yet may be overlooked as they are not tested routinely. Occasionally, secondary "contaminants" such as shoe refresher sprays or residues of antimycotics may cause shoe dermatitis, so taking a detailed history to identify further culprits is crucial.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch test results in patients with suspected contact allergy to shoes: Retrospective IVDK data analysis 2009–2018

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Allergic contact dermatitis caused by shoes is common and new relevant allergens have been identified.Objectives: To investigate the pattern of type IV sensitization in patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis of the feet related to shoes as a presumed culprit trigger.Methods: Retrospective analysis of data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), 2009-2018.Results: Six hundred twenty-five patients with presumed shoe dermatitis were identified in a cohort of 119 417 patients. Compared to patients with suspected contact sensitization from other allergen sources (n = 118 792), study group patients were more frequently sensitized to potassium dichromate (10.8% vs 3.5%), colophony (7.2% vs 3.7%), mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT; 4.0% vs 0.6%), mercapto mix (4.6% vs 0.6%), and p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin (1.6% vs 0.5%). Sensitizations to urea formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, glutaraldehyde, tricresyl phosphate, and phenyl glycidylether were rare. Moreover, reactions to compounds in the leather or textile dyes test series were scarce. Conclusion:A distinct sensitization pattern was observed in patients with suspected allergy to shoe materials. Although substances with low sensitization rates should be removed from the leather and shoe patch-test series, novel potential allergens should be added.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch test results in patients with suspected contact allergy to shoes: Retrospective IVDK data analysis 2009–2018

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This chemical, a mold inhibitor with Escherichia coli antibacterial activity, was the source of an outbreak of foot contact allergy in Europe [18][19][20] and South America 21 and was identified in shoes and shoe box antimold sachets. Other recently described shoe allergens include 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole, identified in leather shoes, 22 TINUVIN 770 in sandals, 23 acetophenone azine in the foam insole of a sport shoe, 24 2-monomethylol phenol in a sport shoe label, 25 dimethylthiocarbamoyl bezothiazole sulfide, 26,27 and reactive textile dyes. 28 The study by Shackelford and Belsito 6 highlighted important nonshoe foot allergens, including bacitracin and neomycin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoe Allergens: A Retrospective Analysis of Cross-sectional Data From the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, 2005–2018

Atwater¹,

Bembry²,

Green³

et al. 2022

Dermatitis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Shoe contact allergy can be difficult to diagnose and manage. Objective: The aim of the study was to characterize demographics, clinical characteristics, patch test results, and occupational data for the North American Contact Dermatitis Group patients with shoe contact allergy.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 33,661 patients, patch tested from 2005 to 2018, with a shoe source, foot as 1 of 3 sites of dermatitis, and final primary diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis.Results: Three hundred fifty-two patients met the inclusion criteria. They were more likely to be male (odds ratio = 3.36, confidence interval = 2.71-4.17) and less likely to be older than 40 years (odds ratio = 0.49, confidence interval = 0.40-0.61) compared with others with positive patch test reactions. The most common relevant North American Contact Dermatitis Group screening allergens were potassium dichromate (29.8%), p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin (20.1%), thiuram mix (13.3%), mixed dialkyl thioureas (12.6%), and carba mix (12%). A total of 29.8% (105/352) had positive patch test reactions to supplemental allergens, and 12.2% (43/352) only had reactions to supplemental allergens. Conclusions: Shoe contact allergy was more common in younger and male patients. Potassium dichromate and p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin were the top shoe allergens. Testing supplemental allergens, personal care products, and shoe components should be part of a comprehensive evaluation of suspected shoe contact allergy.C ontact allergy to shoes is a common yet difficult problem of varying prevalence. 1 Shoes are created from diverse components, including rubber, adhesives, leather, tanning agents, dyes, metals, and/ or textiles. Sensitization can develop to 1 or more of these components; the most common affected area is the dorsal feet. 1,2 Patch testing is the criterion standard for establishing type IV hypersensitivity; comprehensive patch testing with screening and supplemental allergens, as well as personal care products and shoe components, is important in the setting of suspected shoe contact allergy. 3,4 Understanding the epidemiology of shoe allergens and allergen avoidance in patients with

show abstract

“…Obwohl es als schwaches Allergen gilt, kann eine längere Exposition, insbesondere bei vorgeschädigter Hautbarriere, zu einer ACD führen, wie ein Fall von ACD zeigt, dessen Ursache eine mit dieser Verbindung imprägnierte Wundauflage ist [150]. Bei 3 Patienten mit ACD gegen verschiedene Lederprodukte (Schuhe, Autositz, Gürtel) konnte die Kontaktallergie im Rahmen einer aufwendigen investigativen Suche nach dem Allergen auf 2-(Thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazol zurückgeführt werden, das als Fungizid eingesetzt wird [151].…”

Section: Ergebnisseunclassified

Kontaktallergien – Neu aufkommende Allergene und Auswirkungen für das Gesundheitswesen

Uter¹,

Werfel

Lepoittevin

et al. 2021

Kompass Dermatol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kontaktallergie (Sensibilisierung) und daraus resultierende allergische Kontaktdermatitis (ACD) sind von erheblicher Tragweite aus Sicht des Gesundheitswesens. Für die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit hierzu wurden alle passenden Artikel aus dem Zeitraum 2018–2019 per systematischer Suche in Medline und Web of Science<sup>TM</sup> ermittelt; außerdem wurden alle verfügbaren Ausgaben der Fachzeitschriften „Contact Dermatitis“ und „Dermatitis“ manuell durchsucht und so eine frühere, ähnliche Übersichtsarbeit fortgeschrieben und neu fokussiert. Neue Allergene ebenso wie bekannte Allergene, die in neuem Expositionskontext gefunden wurden oder deren Bedeutung in sonstiger Hinsicht neu bewertet wurde, werden in Abschnitten nach Substanzklasse gegliedert beschrieben (z. B. Metalle, Konservierungsmittel, Duftstoffe). Als gemeinsames Ergebnis zahlreicher Untersuchungen fällt sowohl ein Mangel an Informationen über die Produktzusammensetzung auf, z. B. in Bezug auf ein neu beschriebenes Allergen in Leinenturnschuhen (Dimethylthiocarbamylbenzothiazolsulfid), als auch vor allem die mangelnde Kooperativität von Herstellern von Blutzuckermessgeräten bzw. Insulinpumpen. Zu den letztgenannten Geräten hat eine internationale Zusammenarbeit zwischen Dermatologen und Chemikern gezeigt, dass sie bei zahlreichen Diabetikern schwere ACD verursachen, indem sie Isobornylacrylat bzw. N,N’-Dimethylacrylamid freisetzen. Eine verbesserte und vollständige Deklaration der Inhaltsstoffe für Produkte alle Art – und nicht nur, wie wir es derzeit in Europa haben, bei Kosmetika (abgesehen von der vollständigen Auflistung der Duftstoffe) – muss auf die legislative Agenda gesetzt werden.

show abstract

The preservative 2‐(thiocyanomethylthio)benzothiazole: A potential allergen in leather products

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

Patch test results in patients with suspected contact allergy to shoes: Retrospective IVDK data analysis 2009–2018

Patch test results in patients with suspected contact allergy to shoes: Retrospective IVDK data analysis 2009–2018

Shoe Allergens: A Retrospective Analysis of Cross-sectional Data From the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, 2005–2018

Kontaktallergien – Neu aufkommende Allergene und Auswirkungen für das Gesundheitswesen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About