The preserved plume of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau revealed by 3D data-integrative models

Gómez-García, Ángela María; Breton, Eline Le; Scheck‐Wenderoth, Magdalena; Monsalve, Gaspar; Anikiev, Denis

doi:10.5194/se-2020-153

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(172 reference statements)

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“…Using parameterized dry mantle melting 32 , we find that partial melt content reaches a maximum of 40 wt% in the central region of the plume-head (Fig. 2f) consistent with geochemical estimates of 32 wt% 24,33 . Calculation of the generated crust thickness ranges from 10 to 22 km and is also consistent with available data on the present-day Caribbean plateau crust thickness 21 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Subduction initiation triggered the Caribbean large igneous province

et al. 2023

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Subduction provides the primary driving force for plate tectonics. However, the mechanisms leading to the formation of new subduction zones remain debated. An example is the Lesser Antilles Arc in the Atlantic. Previous initiation mechanisms have implied the transmission of subduction from the Pacific Ocean or the impact of a plume head. Here, we use geodynamic models to simulate the evolution of the Caribbean region during the Cretaceous, where the eastern Pacific subduction triggered the formation of a new subduction zone in the Atlantic. The simulations show how the collision of the old Caribbean plateau with the Central America margin lead to the formation of a new Atlantic subduction zone by polarity reversal. The results further show how subduction renewal on the back of the old Caribbean plateau (present-day Central America) resulted in a major mantle flow reorganization that generated a subduction-induced plume consistent with the formation of the Caribbean Large Igneous Province.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Subduction initiation triggered the Caribbean large igneous province

et al. 2023

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“…The Galápagos hotspot is also linked to the generation of mafic (alkaline and tholeiitic) and ultramafic (komatiites) volcanic rocks of the Caribbean Plateau ( Fig. 4) at ~90 Ma and ~70 Ma but may stretch back to 140-110 Ma [72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] reconstructions suggest the Caribbean Plateau developed 1000-3000 km east of the Galápagos hotspot whereas others indicate there is a spatial-temporal correlation [81][82][83][84][85] . The correlation between the paleogeographic eruption location of the Wrangellia flood basalt and the current Galápagos hotspot is intriguing and offers a possible explanation for the eruption of the picrites and some primary basaltic lava as they require mantle potential temperatures > 1550 o C which is suggested for some Caribbean plateau rocks 18,53,57,78,86 .…”

Section: Spatial Correlation Of Wrangellia the Caribbean Plateau Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Wrangellia Flood Basalts to the Galápagos Hotspot

Shellnutt

Dostál²,

Lee

2021

Preprint

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The Triassic volcanic rocks of Wrangellia erupted at an equatorial to tropical latitude that was within 3000 km of western North America. The mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are compositionally and isotopically similar to those of oceanic plateaux that were generated from a Pacific mantle plume-type source. The thermal conditions, estimated from the primitive rocks, indicate that it was a high temperature regime (T P > 1550°C) consistent with elevated temperatures expected for a mantle plume. The only active hotspot currently located near the equator of the eastern Pacific Ocean that was active during the Mesozoic and produced ultramafic volcanic rocks is the Galápagos hotspot. The calculated mantle potential temperatures, trace elemental ratios, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of the Wrangellia volcanic rocks are within the range of those from the Caribbean Plateau and Galápagos Islands, and collectively have similar internal variability as the Hawaii-Emperor island chain. The paleogeographic constraints, thermal estimates, and geochemistry suggests that it is possible that the Galápagos hotspot generated the volcanic rocks of Wrangellia and the Caribbean plateau or, more broadly, that the eastern Pacific (Panthalassa) Ocean was a unique region where anomalously high thermal conditions either periodically or continually existed from ~230 Ma to the present day.

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“…4 ) at ~ 90 Ma and ~ 70 Ma but may stretch back to 140–110 Ma 72 – 80 . Some kinematic plate reconstructions suggest the Caribbean Plateau developed 1000–3000 km east of the Galápagos hotspot whereas others indicate there is a spatial–temporal correlation 81 – 85 . The correlation between the paleogeographic eruption location of the Wrangellia flood basalt and the current Galápagos hotspot is intriguing and offers a possible explanation for the eruption of the Karmusten picrites and some primary basaltic lava as they require mantle potential temperatures > 1550 °C which is indicated for some Caribbean plateau rocks 18 , 53 , 57 , 78 , 86 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking the Wrangellia flood basalts to the Galápagos hotspot

Shellnutt

Dostál

Lee

2021

Sci Rep

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The Triassic volcanic rocks of Wrangellia erupted at an equatorial to tropical latitude that was within 3000 km of western North America. The mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks are compositionally and isotopically similar to those of oceanic plateaux that were generated from a Pacific mantle plume-type source. The thermal conditions, estimated from the primitive rocks, indicate that it was a high temperature regime (TP > 1550 °C) consistent with elevated temperatures expected for a mantle plume. The only active hotspot currently located near the equator of the eastern Pacific Ocean that was active during the Mesozoic and produced ultramafic volcanic rocks is the Galápagos hotspot. The calculated mantle potential temperatures, trace elemental ratios, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopes of the Wrangellia volcanic rocks are within the range of those from the Caribbean Plateau and Galápagos Islands, and collectively have similar internal variability as the Hawaii-Emperor island chain. The paleogeographic constraints, thermal estimates, and geochemistry suggests that it is possible that the Galápagos hotspot generated the volcanic rocks of Wrangellia and the Caribbean plateau or, more broadly, that the eastern Pacific (Panthalassa) Ocean was a unique region where anomalously high thermal conditions either periodically or continually existed from ~ 230 Ma to the present day.

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The preserved plume of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau revealed by 3D data-integrative models

Cited by 3 publications

References 80 publications

Subduction initiation triggered the Caribbean large igneous province

Subduction initiation triggered the Caribbean large igneous province

Linking the Wrangellia Flood Basalts to the Galápagos Hotspot

Linking the Wrangellia flood basalts to the Galápagos hotspot

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