The press of personality: A study of conversations between introverts and extraverts.

Thorne, Avril

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.53.4.718

Cited by 198 publications

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“…We also assessed the time frame of the stories, from recent to older events. Our method was very similar to that of a prior study of strangers, in which same-sex college students engaged in brief, 10-minute, conversations (Thorne, 1987). However, instead of examining the frequency of particular speech acts across the entire conversation, the present study focused on how stories were produced.…”

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confidence: 90%

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In laboratory settings, extraverts have been found to excel on tasks that require speed, and introverts on tasks that require focus, vigilance, or reflection (Harkins & Geen, 1975;Matthews, 1992). In a study of conversations between strangers, extraverted dyads were found to initiate a wider array of topics than did introverted dyads, who more often focused on only one or two topics (Thorne, 1987). These findings led us to expect that extraverts would more often tell stories that suddenly changed the topic than would introverts, whose stories would tend to be more anchored in an ongoing theme.…”

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“…In a study of TAT stories, extraverts more often imported other characters into stories about a solitary figure than did introverts (Shapiro & Alexander, 1975). And in a study of conversations, extraverted strangers were found to explore more topics and to claim more common ground than did introverted strangers (Thorne, 1987).Although extraversion and introversion may be developmentally elaborated on many levels of language use, the story has a special status in personality development because stories are a means of preserving, evaluating, and broadcasting experiences that are deemed sufficiently noteworthy to be remembered and told (McAdams, 2001;Thorne, 2000). The present study used the story rather than the utterance as the basic unit of analysis, and focused on the storytelling process in conversations with friends.…”

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“…However, instead of examining the frequency of particular speech acts across the entire conversation, the present study focused on how stories were produced. We compared conversations of extraverted and introverted dyads because dispositionally similar dyads have been found to accentuate predisposed tendencies and to thereby enhance the visibility of discursive patterns in personality (Thorne, 1987). …”

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Channeling identity: A study of storytelling in conversations between introverted and extraverted friends

Thorne

Korobov

Morgan

2007

Journal of Research in Personality

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This narrative study examined the process of personal storytelling between college-age friends who were similarly introverted or extraverted. Participants were 19 introverted and 20 extraverted samesex pairs (49 percent female) who had been friends for an average of 18 months. Stories emerged spontaneously during 10-minute catch-up conversations. Extraverted friends more often told stories that changed the topic, and more often co-constructed story plots. Introverted friends more often told stories that were embedded in a developing theme, and constructed story plots solo. With regard to content, extraverted friends told stories about romance more so than introverted friends, whose stories more often concerned family/hometown, and older events. The findings suggest that the traits of extraversion and introversion channel the identity-making process. Keywordsintroversion; extraversion; friendship; stories; identity; narrative; discourse; traits; conversation One cannot grasp the most profound logic of the social world unless one becomes immersed in the specificity of an empirical reality (Bourdieu, 1993, p. 271) With the advent of narrative psychology (Bruner, 1990), the concept of personality has expanded beyond the domain of traits, such as extraversion, to encompass identity, or the sense that people make of their lives through telling stories (McAdams, 2001). This expansion of the concept of personality to include life stories has enhanced the degree to which personality psychology attends to the whole person (McAdams, 1995), but the expansion has not been easy. A notable difficulty in connecting traits and life stories is that traits tend to be construed as genetic endowments, and life stories as psychosocial constructions (McAdams, 2001). However, it is now widely recognized that traits such as extraversion, while genetically based (e.g., Plomin, Chipuer, & Loehlin, 1990), become developmentally elaborated through psychosocial processes (Caspi, 1998).The present study builds on the idea that traits help to channel the development of other domains of personality (McLean & Pasupathi, 2006;Winter, John, Stewart, Klohnen, & Duncan, 1998). We investigated this channeling by exploring how people actively construct or "do" personality in everyday life (Cantor, 1990). A performative approach to the development of personality traits has been well-articulated by Caspi (1998), whose model of developmental Address correspondence to: Avril Thorne, University of California, Santa Cruz, Department of Psychology, 277 Social Sciences 2, Santa Cruz, CA 95064,, E-mail: avril@ucsc.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, an...

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Channeling identity: A study of storytelling in conversations between introverted and extraverted friends

Thorne

Korobov

Morgan

2007

Journal of Research in Personality

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Taxonomies of situations from a trait psychological perspective. A review

1999

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In this article we review studies of situations and situation taxonomies from the perspective of trait psychology. Objections to trait psychology are discussed and several refutations are recapitulated. The relation between traits and situations is analysed, as well as the anity that both concepts demonstrate. Some taxonomic properties are discussed, exempli®ed by one of the most common and detailed trait taxonomies to date, the Abridged Big Five Circumplex, and by seven situation taxonomies. Personality psychologists, besides trait psychologists, have stressed the need to no longer debate the existence of traits, but to specify their nature with increasing precision in dierent situations. What is needed is a taxonomy of personality characteristics that systematically incorporates situational information, so that traits can be questioned in their context, that is, in a context that allows for individual dierences in the expression of trait-relevant behaviour.

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Personality and Metaphor Use: How Extraverted and Introverted Young Adults Experience Becoming Friends

Nelson

Thorne

2012

Eur J Pers

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Competing theories have viewed relationship formation as a gradual process or as an instant development, with little attention to differences in individual perceptions of the same relationship. In the present study, conceptual metaphors concerning relationship formation were identified and coded from interviews with each friend in 59 same-sex, white, college-age, US dyads (57% female). Friends were extreme and either very similar or different from one other with regard to extraversion-introversion. An actor-partner analysis found that friends paired with an extravert used more Force-Impact metaphors that conveyed an explosive 'friends-at-first-sight' experience, whereas friends paired with an introvert used more Journey-Organism metaphors that reflected a gradual transition into friendship. Regardless of their partner's personality, extraverts and female friends used more Joint-Proximity metaphors that emphasised the development of intimacy. Results are interpreted using the Social Relations Model and the PERSOC approach to show how personality can serve both as an environment (partner) and as a cognitive schema (actor) to distinctly shape impressions of how a friendship develops.Note: Frequency (f) indicates the number of friends who used the metaphor in their story. For example, four extraverted friends paired with an extravert used a Journey-Organism metaphor. Means and standard deviations are standardised to a metric of metaphor use per 150 words spoken. E, extravert; I, introvert.Personality and metaphor use 607

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The press of personality: A study of conversations between introverts and extraverts.

Cited by 198 publications

References 35 publications

Channeling identity: A study of storytelling in conversations between introverted and extraverted friends

Channeling identity: A study of storytelling in conversations between introverted and extraverted friends

Taxonomies of situations from a trait psychological perspective. A review

Personality and Metaphor Use: How Extraverted and Introverted Young Adults Experience Becoming Friends

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