The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Medical Students in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Biswas, Md Abdullah Al Jubayer; Hasan, M. Tasdik; Samir, Nora; Alin, Sayma Islam; Homaira, Nusrat; Hassan, Md. Zakiul; Khatun, Mst Rabeya; Anjum, Afifa; Hossain, Sahadat; Koly, Kamrun Nahar; Safa, Farhana; Alam, Syeda Fatema; Rafi, Md. Abdur; Biswas, Md. Abdullah al Osman; Yasmin, Farida; Podder, Vivek; Trisa, Tonima Islam; Azad, Dewan Tasnia; Nodi, Rhedeya Nury; Ashraf, Fatema; Akther, Shamima; Ahmed, Helal Uddin

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.811345

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Slovak students also reported more depression than anxiety, which is in line with the results revealed by Hajduk et al ( 57 ). In comparison, a similar prevalence was observed among Indian doctoral students (26.7%) ( 86 ), Chinese students (15.8%) ( 87 ), and Korean students (14%) ( 88 ), while a higher prevalence was observed among students from Germany (37%) ( 89 ), Bangladesh (48.8%) ( 90 ), and Malaysia (33.8%) ( 91 ). The mean score was 6.34 for Czech students and 5.77 for Slovak students, indicating mild depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Internet Addiction, Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Stress Among Higher Education Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gavurová

Khouri

Ivanková

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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Poor mental health is a growing concern among young people during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of Internet addiction with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to examine these mental health problems in the context of study-related characteristics. The research sample consisted of 3,099 participants from the Czech Republic (CZ: 1,422) and Slovak Republic (SK: 1,677). The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to measure mental health problems. The analyses also included demographic data (gender and age) and study-related characteristics (form of study, degree of study, field of study, distance between college and home, and housing during the semester). Based on the results of frequency and descriptive analyses, the prevalence of mental health problems was high. The most serious levels of Internet addiction (IAT cut-off point ≥ 50), to which attention should be paid, were found in 3.5% of Czech and 6.2% of Slovak students. Using the standard cut-off point of GAD-7 ≥ 10, 14.1% of Czech and 11.6% of Slovak students were identified with anxiety symptoms. Regarding the PHQ-9 with the cut-off point ≥ 10, 23.4% of Czech and 19.1% of Slovak students had depressive symptoms, which should be addressed. Using the PSS cut-off point ≥ 27, 12.9% of Czech students and 9.1% of Slovak students perceived high stress. The quantile regression analysis showed that Internet addiction was positively associated with anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress in all of the analyzed cases (p-value < 0.001). In terms of study-related characteristics, the binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for mental health problems in Czech and Slovak students were mainly full-time form of study and living away from home during the semester. Internet addiction, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress are issues that require increased attention, and professionals and policy-makers should implement interventions to effectively prevent and help students with psychological problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Based on the mean score, mild depressive symptoms were also reported by German (6.77) and Chinese (6.99) students ( 85 ). A higher mean score reported Bangladeshi students (9.5) ( 90 ), Polish students (11.3) ( 92 ), and Greek students (9.36) ( 93 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet Addiction, Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Stress Among Higher Education Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Gavurová

Khouri

Ivanková

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Some studies provided evidence regarding the poor mental health condition of Bangladeshi university students ( 14 , 15 ). Additionally, Bangladeshi medical students show a very high frequency of depression symptoms, with the COVID-19 pandemic underway, the concerning prevalence and associated variables of depression point to the necessity for follow-up psychological interventions targeted at medical students ( 16 ). Safa et al ( 17 ) found that 27.3% of medical students have mild anxiety, 26.8% have moderate anxiety, and 11.8% have severe anxiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate entrance admission seeking students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Rabby

Islam

Orthy

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIntense academic pressure and unhealthy competition have turned the university entrance exam scenario in Bangladesh into a Pandora's Box, which might cause mental health difficulties among young students. However, there is a severe scarcity of studies concerning such issues of university entrance examination-seeking students in Bangladesh.MethodsThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate entrance admission-seeking students in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study design was followed using an online tool including socio-demographic questions, and the 21-item Bangla Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (BDASS-21). The survey form was completed by 452 Bangladeshi students who passed the higher secondary certificate (HSC) examination in 2020 and were planning to get admission to the undergraduate level during the data collection.ResultsThe prevalence of mild to extremely severe levels of depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress was 57.7%, 61.4%, and 44.6%, respectively. Females were more likely to have depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms than males. The students from science backgrounds were at higher risk of developing depression and stress symptoms when compared with students from business studies backgrounds. Besides, students with a previous history of mental illness, a preference for getting admitted into the public university, and less monthly family income (<25,000 BDT) were more likely to develop depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. In addition, students with a previous history of neurological disorders were more likely to develop anxiety symptoms than those without.ConclusionThis study revealed a high level of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among undergraduate entrance admission-seeking students, which calls for in-depth exploratory investigations. Adequate low-intensity interventions should be designed to support this young population.

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“…A recent pilot study in Bangladesh similarly identified a very high prevalence of depression symptoms among Bangladeshi medical students. 26 Our study has several strengths. We had a large survey sample size of more than 2700 participants with an excellent response rate (90%) that surveyed multiple disciplines and different job roles in four major hospitals in Bangladesh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…25 Female gender, increased social media use, low levels of optimism and sleeping problems increased the risk of depression in trainee medical students during the pandemic in Bangladesh. 26 There has however been limited large-scale work exploring the impact of COVID-19 on anxiety, depression and burnout in healthcare workers in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was therefore to explore levels of burnout, anxiety and depression in doctors and nurses within Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study

Hutchings,

Rahman,

Carter

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionCOVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute & Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital). We collected information on demographics, awareness of well-being services, COVID-19-related workload, as well as anxiety, depression and burnout using two validated questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsOf the 3000 participants approached, we received responses from 2705 (90.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety, depression and burnout scores across institutions (p<0.01). Anxiety, depression and burnout scores were statistically worse in COVID-19 active staff compared with those not working on COVID-19 activities (p<0.01 for HADS anxiety and depression and MBI emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA)). Over half of the participants exhibited some level of anxiety (SRNGIH: 52.2%; DMCH: 53.9%; MMCH: 61.3%; MARMC: 68%) with a high proportion experiencing depression (SRNGIH: 39.5%; DMCH: 38.7%; MMCH: 53.7%; MARMC: 41.1%). Although mean burnout scores were within the normal range for each institution, a high proportion of staff (almost 20% in some instances) were shown to be classified as experiencing burnout by their EE, DP and PA scores.ConclusionWe identified a high prevalence of perceived anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was worse in staff engaged in COVID-19-related activities. These findings could help healthcare organisations to plan for future similar events.

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The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms Among Medical Students in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Internet Addiction, Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Stress Among Higher Education Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Internet Addiction, Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Stress Among Higher Education Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Depression symptoms, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate entrance admission seeking students in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study

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