The prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian infants at birth and six months of age

Oktaria, Vicka; Graham, Stephen M.; Triasih, Rina; Soenarto, Yati; Bines, Julie E; Ponsonby, Anne‐Louise; Clarke, Michael; Dinari, Rizka; Nirwati, Hera; Danchin, Margaret

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239603

Cited by 35 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Low levels of vitamin D in pregnant women may be one of the causes of low WB BMC in neonates in Indonesia. A study conducted in the same setting as our present study (Yogyakarta) detected vitamin D deficiency in 90% of cord blood samples (24). Two others studies conducted in two different places in Indonesia found that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in early pregnancy was very high, namely in Minangkabau: 82.8% and in Jakarta: 99.6% (9, 10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Maternal and Neonatal Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Content of Indonesian Term Newborns

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Interactions between the genome and intrauterine environment can affect bone mineralization in newborns and even in adult life. Several studies show that intrauterine fetal bone mineralization or early postnatal bone condition influences the risk of osteoporosis in later life.Objectives: To determine whole body bone mineral content (WB BMC) and factors that influence neonatal WB BMC in Indonesian term newborns.Subjects/Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 45 term, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns were included in this study. BMC was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the first week of life. Weight (g), length (cm) and head circumference (cm) were measured at birth. Data on maternal characteristics were obtained from the maternal health records or reported by the mothers.Results: WB BMC measured in the present study (mean ± SD: 33.2 ± 9.3 g) was lower than WB BMC of similar populations in developed countries. Multiple linear regression showed that birth weight, birth length, and gestational age had a positive association with WB BMC (p = 0.048, 0.017, and <0.001, respectively), while maternal cigarette exposure had a negative association with WB BMC (p = 0.012). Male infants had significantly higher of WB BMC than female (p = 0.025). These determinants contribute to 55% variability of WB BMC.Conclusions: WB BMC in Indonesian term newborns is lower than populations in developed countries. Birth weight, length, gestational age, sex, and maternal cigarette exposure during pregnancy are significantly associated with WB BMC observed in Indonesian newborns.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Maternal and Neonatal Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Content of Indonesian Term Newborns

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalences of vitamin D insu ciency and de ciency (≤ 20 ng/mL) among unsupplemented breastfed infants in the present study are comparable with those reported in Hong Kong (60%) (13). The prevalences were lower than those reported in India (90%) (14), Taiwan (86.1%) (15), Qatar (83%) (16), and Japan (76.9%) (17) but higher than those in Boston, MA, USA (40%) (18), Kenya (23.4%) (19), and Indonesia (16.7%) (20). The variation in these reported prevalences was likely caused by multiple factors, such as the infants' age, ethnicity, geographical location, and study methodology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Interestingly, an Indonesian study revealed much lower prevalences of vitamin D insu ciency and de ciency than in the present study despite the fact that Indonesia and Thailand are located at similar latitudes in the Southeast Asia region. The authors described the traditional morning sunbathing practice in the study area, which might be one of the factors that contributed to the relatively high serum vitamin D concentration among the infants in this area (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Status in Full-term Exclusively Breastfed Infants versus Full-term Breastfed Infants Receiving Vitamin D Supplementation in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Ruangkit

Suwannachat

Wantanakorn

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Many international medical organizations recommend vitamin D supplementation for infants, especially exclusively breastfed infants. In Thailand, however, data regarding the vitamin D status in Thai infants are lacking. Such data would help to support physician decisions and guide medical practice. Methods: Full-term, exclusively breastfed infants were randomized into two groups at 2 months of age to continue exclusive breastfeeding either without vitamin D supplementation (control group, n = 44) or with vitamin D3 supplementation at 400 IU/day (intervention group, n = 43) until 6 months of age. At 6 months, the serum vitamin D (25OHD) of the infants and their mothers, serum bone marker, and infants' growth parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: The infants' serum 25OHD concentration was lower in the control group than intervention group (20.57 ± 12.66 vs. 46.01 ± 16.42 ng/mL, p < 0.01). More infants had vitamin D sufficiency (25OHD of >20 ng/mL) in the intervention group than control group (93.0% vs. 43.2%, p < 0.01). Vitamin D supplementation in breastfed infants increased the mean serum 25OHD concentration by 25.66 ng/mL (95% confidence interval, 19.07–32.25; p < 0.001) and contributed to an 88.7% decrease in the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency (relative risk, 0.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.35; p < 0.01).Conclusions: Most full-term, exclusively breastfed Thai infants have serum vitamin D concentration below sufficiency level at 6 months of age. However, vitamin D supplementation (400 IU/day) improves their vitamin D status and prevents vitamin D deficiency.Trial registration: The study was pre-registered in the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR20190622001) on 22/06/2019.

show abstract

“…An analysis of the determinants of vitamin D deficiency at birth and at 6 months has been reported elsewhere [29]. Mothers who spent two hours or more per day outside were less likely to have a newborn with vitamin D deficiency compared to those who spent only 15 minutes or less in the sun [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organisation (WHO) has called for more research to guide recommendations for the role of vitamin D supplementation to prevent ARIs [27]. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been reported in children in South East Asia, particularly in newborns [21,28,29]. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesia children aged 2-5 years old was 44% and newborns have been reported at high risk of vitamin D deficiency [29,30].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

The incidence of acute respiratory infection in Indonesian infants and association with vitamin D deficiency

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in early life, but this has not been evaluated in Indonesia. We aimed to determine the incidence of ARI in Indonesian infants, and to evaluate the association with vitamin D deficiency. Methods From 23 December 2015 to 31 December 2017, we conducted a community-based prospective cohort study in Yogyakarta province. We enrolled 422 pregnant women and followed their infants from birth until 12 months of age for ARI episodes. Vitamin D status was measured at birth and at age six months. We performed Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and pneumonia incidence. Results At study completion, 95% (400/422) of infants retained with a total of 412 child years of observation (CYO). The incidence of all ARI and of WHO-defined pneumonia was 3.89 (95% CI 3.70–4.08) and 0.25 (95% CI 0.21–0.30) episodes per CYO respectively. Vitamin D deficiency at birth was common (90%, 308/344) and associated with more frequent episodes of ARI non-pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio 4.48, 95% CI:1.04–19.34). Vitamin D status at birth or six months was not associated with subsequent pneumonia incidence, but greater maternal sun exposure during pregnancy was associated with a trend to less frequent ARI and pneumonia in infants. Conclusion ARI, pneumonia, and vitamin D deficiency at birth were common in Indonesian infants. Minimising vitamin D deficiency at birth such as by supplementation of mothers or safe sun exposure during pregnancy has the potential to reduce ARI incidence in infants in this setting.

show abstract

The prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in Indonesian infants at birth and six months of age

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Maternal and Neonatal Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Content of Indonesian Term Newborns

Maternal and Neonatal Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Content of Indonesian Term Newborns

Vitamin D Status in Full-term Exclusively Breastfed Infants versus Full-term Breastfed Infants Receiving Vitamin D Supplementation in Thailand: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The incidence of acute respiratory infection in Indonesian infants and association with vitamin D deficiency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About