The Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors amongst Adults in the Dikgale Health Demographic and Surveillance System (HDSS) Site, Limpopo Province of South Africa

Maimela, Eric; Alberts, Marianne; Modjadji, S. E. P.; Choma, Solomon; Dikotope, Sekgothe; Ntuli, Thembelihle Sam; Geertruyden, Jean‐Pierre Van

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147926

Cited by 109 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Obesity levels in this study are lower for both men and women when compared to an earlier study conducted in DHDSS [19]. Reasons for the difference between obesity levels are first, that the earlier study did not consider HIV infected people and second, age differences between to study samples.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…This study is novel for the DHDSS site in that, unlike previous reports [15,19,36], the relationship between BMI and a pool of associated factors, is reported. Obesity levels in this study are lower for both men and women when compared to an earlier study conducted in DHDSS [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In the DHDSS site, levels of overweight and obesity are high particularly in females (54%) [19], as is stunting (48%) in children [20]. Earlier studies from the DHDSS site were fragmented and considered only diet or physical activity (PA) [15,21,22], while this study considers the relationship of socio-demographic, lifestyle and biological factors with BMI through a sex-specific, hierarchical multiple linear regression modelling approach.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of body mass index by gender in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System site, South Africa

Mashinya

Alberts

Cook

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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Background: The study was conducted in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System (DHDSS) site where we have observed increasing obesity levels, particularly in women, despite evidence of high physical activity (PA) and a relatively low daily energy intake. Objective: This study aimed to assess the socio-demographic, behavioural and biological determinants of body mass index (BMI) in adult residents permanently residing in the DHDSS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which socio-demographic, behavioural and biological characteristics from 1143 participants (aged 40–60 years) were collected using a paper questionnaire and standard anthropometric measures. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing was performed on all participants except those who indicated that they had tested positive. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze categorical and continuous variables, respectively, while hierarchical multivariate regression was used to analyze predictors of BMI. Results: The median age of women and men was 51 (46–56) and 50 (45–55) years, respectively. The prevalence of overweight-obesity was 76% in women and 21% in men. A significant negative association of BMI with HIV and smoking and a significant positive association with socio-economic status (SES) was observed in both sexes. In women, BMI was negatively associated with sleep duration (p = 0.015) and age (p = 0.012), but positively associated with sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) (p = 0.08). In men, BMI was negatively associated with alcohol use (p = 0.016) and positively associated with being married (p < 0.001). PA was not associated with BMI in either sexes. Full models explained 9.2% and 20% of the variance in BMI in women and men, respectively. Conclusion: BMI in DHDSS adults is not associated with physical inactivity but is associated wealth, marital status, sleep, smoking, alcohol use, and HIV status. Future studies should explore the contribution of nutrition, stunting, psycho-social and genetic factors to overweight and obesity in DHDSS.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of body mass index by gender in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System site, South Africa

Mashinya

Alberts

Cook

et al. 2018

Global Health Action

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“…This result differs from the data from the STEPS survey in Benin in 2008, during which there was no association between HBP and the gender. We also noticed that obese people had a higher prevalence of HBP than non-obese, which was noted by other studies [23] [24] [25] [26]. Similarly, in our study, HBP was positively associated with total hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia; this finding is not surprising since HBP is often associated with other risk factors for cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Determinants of High Blood Pressure and Quality of Management in Three Regions of Benin

Dramé¹,

Houéhanou

Sogbohossou³

et al. 2018

OJEpi

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Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence, associated factors and quality of high blood pressure (HBP) management in three regions of Benin in 2015. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, with two components. The first component included adults aged from 18 to 69 years, selected using a three-stage random sampling within the households. Data were collected thanks to the French version of the WHO STEPS instrument. Anthropometric data, including blood pressure, capillary fasting glucose and total cholesterol were measured according to standard procedures. The second component included Public Health Centers (PHC) selected by a random stratified multi-stage sampling. Data were collected on the structures and the processes of HBP management using the standardized tool for assessing the capacities of management of non-communicable diseases in peripheral health centers provided by the World Health Organization. Results: A total of 4816 participants were included in the first component. The mean age was 35.8 ± 12.7 years. The weighted prevalence of HBP was 27.9% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) [25.6 -30.2]). It was higher in the 60 -69 years compared to the lower age groups (Adjusted Odd-ratio (ORa) = 5; 95% CI [3.9 -6.5)]). HBP was positively associated with urban residence (ORa = 1.26; 95% CI [1.24 -1.28]), obesity (ORa = 1.46; 95% CI [1.43 -1.50]), hyperglycemia (ORa = 1.13; 95% CI [1.10 -1.15)]) and hypercholesterolemia (ORa = 1.64; 95% CI [1.59 -1.70)]). A total of 27 PHC were included in the second component. Taking blood pressure and other anthropometric measurements was not routine in PHC. Several essential medicines were not available in the PHC. A low How to cite this paper: Dramé, M.L.,

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“…Studies have found women in low socioeconomic position to be less educated and to have poor access to nutrition [42]. Thus, they may be protected from the sedentary lifestyle that is adopted by those of high socioeconomic position.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

2016

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BackgroundDiabetes is one of the leading non-communicable diseases in Africa, contributing to the increasing disease burden among the old adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of diabetes among adults aged 50 years and above in Ghana.MethodsA cross sectional study based on data collected from Study of Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) Wave 1 from 2007 to 2008. Data was collected from 5565 respondents of whom 4135 were aged 50+ years identified using a multistage stratified clusters design. Bivariate and hierarchical multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association of the determinants and diabetes.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of diabetes among the adults aged 50 years and above in Ghana was 3.95% (95% Confidence Interval: 3.35–4.55) with the prevalence being insignificantly higher in females than males (2.16%, 95% CI: 1.69–2.76 vs. 1.73%, 95% CI: 1.28–2.33). Low level of physical activity (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.69) and obesity (AOR 4.81, 95% CI: 1.92–12.0) were associated with increased odds of diabetes among women while old age (AOR 2.58, 95% CI: 1.29–5.18) and university (AOR 12.8, 95% CI: 4.20–39.1), secondary (AOR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.38–9.47) and primary education (AOR 2.71, 95% CI: 1.02–7.19) were associated with increased the odds of diabetes among men.ConclusionThe prevalence of diabetes among old adults shows a similar trend with that of the general population. However, the prevalence may have been underestimated due to self-reporting and a high rate of undiagnosed diabetes. In addition, the determinants of diabetes among older adults are a clear indication of the need for diabetes prevention programme targeting the young people and that are gender specific to reduce the burden of diabetes at old age. Physical activity and nutrition should be emphasised in any prevention strategy.

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The Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors amongst Adults in the Dikgale Health Demographic and Surveillance System (HDSS) Site, Limpopo Province of South Africa

Cited by 109 publications

References 40 publications

Determinants of body mass index by gender in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System site, South Africa

Determinants of body mass index by gender in the Dikgale Health and Demographic Surveillance System site, South Africa

Determinants of High Blood Pressure and Quality of Management in Three Regions of Benin

Prevalence and determinants of diabetes among older adults in Ghana

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