The Prevalence and distribution of pathogenic genes in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry and human sources

Abstract

Introduction: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Despite its public health importance, the virulence factors and mechanisms underlying C. jejuni pathogenesis remain poorly understood and the relationships between these genes and the sources of the strains are not clear. We aimed to determine the virulence profiles of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis.
 Methodology: A total of 50 strains of C. jejuni isolated from poultry and human cases of Campylobacteriosis were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of six pathogenic genes (flaA, iam, wlaN, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC).
 Results: A total of 40% (10/25) of the human isolates presented only one virulence marker. In contrast, 64% (16/25) of the poultry-derived strains showed four or five virulence markers. cdtA and flaA occurred more frequently in poultry-derived strains than in human strains. Ten different virulence profiles were observed among the human isolates and 11 among the poultry strains. Only four profiles were common to both sources: profiles 3 (flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC), 5 (cdtA and cdtB), 7 (flaA and cdtB), and 10 (iam, flaA, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC). The human-derived strains had a higher Shannon diversity index (1.9396) and Simpson index (0.8367), indicating a more diversified population than found in poultry (1.7742 and 0.7333, respectively).
 Conclusions: We found variations in the genetic profiles of the circulating strains based on the isolation source and genes that are potentially pathogenic to humans were detected in poultry-derived strains.

Molecular Detection of Virulence Factor of Campylobacter Jejuni Isolated from Organs of Chickens, Ducks, and Pigeons from Different Egyptian Provinces

“…But it was 25%, 33.3%, and 50% in chickens, ducks, and pigeons respectively. other studies revealed higher percentages of 53.8% and 66% [49,14], Conversely, [50] mentioned the incidence of the iam gene was (4%) regardless of the source of isolation. Also, in Poland [51] and Canada [52] many studies were completed and clarified that the iam locus gene has been detected in 54.7% and 57.1% of C. jejuni chicken isolates, respectively, and those results appeared higher detection rate than our results (25%) for chicken.…”

Fecal prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in house dogs in Lebanon: A pilot study

“…A previous study by Moreira Lima et al . [ 10 ] on birds have identified the link between campylobacteriosis and environmental fecal contamination.…”

“…Human campylobacteriosis arising from food sources has been extensively studied, whereas environmental risk factors such as exposure to fecal material from animals have been understudied [9]. A previous study by Moreira Lima et al [10] on birds have identified the link between campylobacteriosis and environmental fecal contamination.…”

Investigation of Trehalose Supplementation Impacting Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium perfringens from Broiler Farming

“…Foodborne pathogens and antibiotics have been reported to impact the human health negatively. Outbreaks linked to foodborne infections have become increasingly complex and challenging due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, such as Clostridium infections and Campylobacteriosis in humans [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Concerns have been raised about the development of alternative approaches to disease control and prevention in animal husbandry.…”