The prevalence and expression pattern of melanoma-associated antigen 1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a historical cohort study

Abstract

IntroductionMelanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE1) expression in normal tissues is restricted to the testes, whilst being over-expressed in a number of human cancers. This feature of MAGE1 makes it a promising cancer biomarker. This study aimed to determine the expression of MAGE1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its relationship with clinicopathological factors.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study conducted on pretreatment endoscopic tissue specimens of 43 patients with non-metastatic esophageal SCC, admitted to Omid Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, between 2011 and 2013. Out of 127 esophageal SCC patients who had already enrolled in a trial of trimodality therapy, we chose 43 patients whose paraffin blocks of endoscopic samples were accessible, which we then stained for MAGE1 expression by immunohistochemistry. Correlation of MAGE1expression and clinicopathological data (age, sex, stage, grade, and outcome) was assessed using SPSS 16 by T test, chi-square, and Pearson tests (p <0.05 was considered significant).ResultsMAGE1 was expressed in 46.5% (20 out of 43) of esophageal SCC specimens. The MAGE1 nuclear staining increased significantly by age; its expression for <40, 41–49, 50–59, 60–69, and ≥70 years old was 0%, 0%, 8.3%, 26.3%, and 100%, respectively (p=0.02; Person’s R value = 0.3 and p=0.04). There was no significant correlation between MAGE1 expression and other clinicopathological parameters.ConclusionMAGE1 antigen has considerable expression in the esophageal SCC among the Iranian population; it can be potentially applied as a cancer biomarker as well as a target for immunotherapy in patients with esophageal SCC.

Overexpression of cancer‐testis antigen melanoma‐associated antigen A1 in lung cancer: A novel biomarker for prognosis, and a possible target for immunotherapy

“…It could be due to effects of smoking on differentiation process of tumor cells (Sun et al, 2016). The reasoning for this possibility is that there are reports on the association of MAGE-A1 expression with dedifferentiation in various tumor entities (Kavalar et al, 2001), although neither we nor others have found this correlation (Anvari et al, 2017;Haier et al, 2006).…”

“…MAGE‐A1 is an immunogenic protein, expressed in multiple tumors, such as lung cancer, and it might be an ideal antigen target for immunotherapy (Anvari et al, ; Ayyoub et al, ; Jungbluth et al, ). Expression of CTA in lung cancer tissues might be correlated with some clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients.…”

“…This family interacts with ubiquitination of p53, MDM4, zinc finger transcription factors (KZNFs), and 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit α-1 (AMPKα subunit), which are very important pathways in cancer biology (Doyle, Gao, Wang, Yang, & Potts, 2010;Marcar, MacLaine, Hupp, & Meek, 2010). MAGE-A1 usually is present in carcinomas (Anvari et al, 2017).…”

Camrelizumab Combined With Gemcitabine and Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel for Neoadjuvant Therapy in the Treatment of Progressive Gallbladder Cancer: A Case Report

“…Tumor mutation burden, mismatch repair genes, and MSI may be predictors of immunotherapy (16). Recent studies have found that the peripheral blood levels of circulating hematologic and serum cytokines and MAGE1 might serve as potential cancer biomarkers (17)(18)(19). Albrecht et al (20) reported that there is limited evidence on the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors combined with other chemotherapeutic agents for GBC.…”

Anti‐tumoral effects of low molecular weight heparins: A focus on the treatment of esophageal cancer

“…Currently, there is no standard treatment for esophageal cancer, and most experts recommend neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by esophagectomy (in patients who can tolerate this). However, the survival remains poor, there are ongoing efforts being made to find new and more efficient therapeutic approaches (Anvari et al, 2017).…”