The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (PRIBS Study) Among Adults in Low- And Middle-Income Countries: An International Cross-Sectional Study

Arnaout, Ahmad Yamen; Nerabani, Yaman; Douba, Zain; Kassem, Luma Haj; Arnaout, Khaled; Shabouk, Muhammad Besher; Zayat, Hussein; Mayo, Wafik; Bezo, Yamen; Arnaout, Ibrahim; Yousef, Ahmad; Zeina, Mohamed Bisher; Aljarad, Ziad

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4257639

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An estimated one third of oral microbes are able to colonize the guts of healthy individuals [127], with increasing rates of colonization in individuals with diseases such as bowel cancer [128,129], rheumatoid arthritis [130], and inflammatory bowel diseases [131]. Given the higher incidents of these diseases in industrialized countries [132][133][134], an open question remains whether rates of translocation along the oral-gut axis vary with lifestyle, potentially being a risk factor for disease. While our 16S rRNA sequence data lacks the resolution needed to detect translocation specifically, we evaluated whether intra-individual similarity between the oral and gut microbiomes increased along the lifestyle gradient from traditional to agrarian.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nepali oral microbiomes reflect a gradient of lifestyles from traditional to industrialized

Ryu,

Gautam,

Proctor

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Lifestyle plays an important role in shaping the gut microbiome. However, its contributions to the oral microbiome remains less clear, due to the confounding effects of geography and methodology in investigations of populations studied to date. Furthermore, while the oral microbiome seems to differ between foraging and industrialized populations, we lack insight into whether transitions to and away from agrarian lifestyles shape the oral microbiota. Given the growing interest in so-called 'vanishing microbiomes' potentially being a risk factor for increased disease prevalence in industrialized populations, it is important that we distinguish lifestyle from geography in the study of microbiomes across populations. Results: Here, we investigate salivary microbiomes of 63 Nepali individuals representing a spectrum of lifestyles: foraging, subsistence farming (individuals that transitioned from foraging to farming within the last 50 years), agriculturalists (individuals that have transitioned to farming for at least 300 years), and industrialists (expatriates that immigrated to the United States within the last 20 years). We characterize the role of lifestyle in microbial diversity, identify microbes that differ between lifestyles, and pinpoint specific lifestyle factors that may be contributing to differences in the microbiomes across populations. Contrary to prevailing views, when geography is controlled for, oral microbiome alpha diversity does not differ significantly across lifestyles. Microbiome composition, however, follows the gradient of lifestyles from foraging through agrarianism to industrialism, supporting the notion that lifestyle indeed plays a role in the oral microbiome. Relative abundances of several individual taxa, including Streptobacillus and an unclassified Porphyromonadaceae genus, also mirror lifestyle. Finally, we identify specific lifestyle factors associated with microbiome composition across the gradient of lifestyles, including smoking and grain source. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that by controlling for geography, we can isolate an important role for lifestyle in determining oral microbiome composition. In doing so, we highlight the potential contributions of several lifestyle factors, underlining the importance of carefully examining the oral microbiome across lifestyles to improve our understanding of global microbiomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nepali oral microbiomes reflect a gradient of lifestyles from traditional to industrialized

Ryu,

Gautam,

Proctor

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A strict cut‐off value for R 2 < 0.001 and a window of 10 000 kb were used for clumping to remove the SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD). To reduce interference from confounding factors so as to meet the second assumption, each IV was evaluated for possible association with confounding factors, including economic, 11,12 overweight or obesity, 13,14 education, 15,16 and stress, 17,18 in Phenoscanner (http://www.phenoscanner.medschl.cam.ac.uk/), and IVs associated with these potential confounders were excluded. After data harmonization, the palindromic SNPs were also excluded to avoid the inability to determine the direction of the positive and negative chains for the same alleles on both strands.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the potential causal effects of food preferences on irritable bowel syndrome risk: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

Zhang,

Li,

Duan

2024

J of Digest Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder in gut–brain interaction. Diet plays an important role in the pathophysiology of IBS. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential causal effects of food‐liking on IBS to provide better diet advice for patients.MethodsSingle‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with food‐liking were selected as instrumental variables, which were obtained from the latest genome‐wide association study (GWAS) conducted on 161 625 participants. The summary data of genetic associations with IBS were obtained from a recent GWAS with 433 201 European controls and 53 400 cases. We used inverse variance weighting as the main analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to detect horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity.ResultsSignificant evidence revealed the protective effects of a vegetarian diet‐liking on IBS, including asparagus, avocadoes, globe artichoke, aubergine, and black olives, while onion‐liking showed potential deleterious effects. For meat and fish, preference for sardines and fried fish was marginally associated with IBS risk, but salami and salmon were potential protective factors. In terms of desserts and dairy products, preferences for cake icing, ketchup, and cheesecake were suggestively associated with higher IBS risk, while goat cheese‐liking was marginally correlated with lower IBS risk. Additionally and suggestively, significant causal effects of IBS on increased preferences for globe artichoke and salami were also found in a reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) study.ConclusionOur study revealed potential causal associations between food preference and IBS from a genetic perspective, which provides a dietary reference for such patients.

show abstract

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (PRIBS Study) Among Adults in Low- And Middle-Income Countries: An International Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Nepali oral microbiomes reflect a gradient of lifestyles from traditional to industrialized

Nepali oral microbiomes reflect a gradient of lifestyles from traditional to industrialized

Exploring the potential causal effects of food preferences on irritable bowel syndrome risk: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About