The prevalence, incidence, and associated factors of pressure injuries among immobile inpatients: A multicentre, cross‐sectional, exploratory descriptive study in China

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, incidence, and the associated factors of pressure injuries (PIs) among immobile hospitalised patients in China. Being immobile during hospitalisation put these patients at a higher risk of PIs. There is little literature about pressure injury (PI) prevalence or PI incidence in immobile hospitalised patients in hospitals in China. This was a multicentre, cross‐sectional, exploratory descriptive study. A total of 23 985 immobile patients were recruited from 25 general hospitals in six provinces of China from November 1, 2015 to March 18, 2016. Information was collected on demographic characteristics, physical assessment information, and treatment and nursing care measures. The PI period prevalence was 3.38%, and the PI cumulative incidence was 1.23%. Most PIs (84.03%) were Stage 1 or Stage 2. A total of 48.22% of PIs occurred in the sacrum or heel region. In the multivariate analysis, the following factors were associated with higher PI prevalence: age, gender, length of immobility, type of hospital, modified Braden Scale score, urinary incontinence, faecal incontinence, low serum albumin, the usage of fixation or restraint devices, and patient's discharge diagnosis (lower limb fracture, malnutrition, and spinal cord injury). PI prevalence for immobile hospitalised patients in the study was lower than those reported in literature. However, because of the large population in China, the number of patients who suffer with PIs can be very high. The relating factors of higher PI prevalence identified in this study were consistent with current literature. Patients with a higher number of these associated factors should be monitored more closely, and preventative measures should be taken to prevent PI occurrence in high‐risk populations.

Global prevalence and incidence of pressure injuries in hospitalised adult patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Therefore, the need for preventative strategies are important in hospitals to reduce the potential financial burden. Regrading to pressure injury locations, the most effected location were the sacrum, heel and hip, which is consistent with prior studies (W. P. Chaboyer et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2019).…”

The Physical and Psychological Effects of Personal Protective Equipment on Health Care Workers in Wuhan, China: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study

“…Previous studies have shown that male HCWs are prone to a higher rate of skin erosion than female HCWs. 24 Physicians, nurses, or HCWs in an ICU were more likely to complain about the inconvenience of working while wearing PPE than those in other positions or departments. This may be due to the different tasks and work intensity because clinical practices such as auscultatory tests, blood sample collection, and venipuncture are usually performed by physicians or nurses, and HCWs in an ICU treat patients with the most severe or complicated conditions; therefore, their work intensity or duration of PPE wear is much higher than that of those working in other departments.…”

Fatores associados à lesão por pressão em idosos com câncer no trato gastrointestinal

“…Nosso estudo apresenta limitações, primeiramente não avaliamos a interação entre diversas comorbidades, já que literatura aponta um impacto maior no risco para LP quando várias comorbidades estão associadas (Liu et al, 2019). Um estudo realizado em junho de 2019 encontrou que idade e o número de comorbidades é fator preditivo para LP entre pessoas com idade ≥65 anos com mobilidade limitada (Latimer et al, 2019).…”