The prevalence of ANA antibodies, anticentromere antibodies, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome compared to patients with dryness symptoms without primary Sjögren’s syndrome confirmation

Abstract

ObjectivesOur study analyses the prevalence of ANA, anti-SS-A, anti-SS-B, and ACA and ACPA antibodies in patients with pSS and with dryness symptoms without pSS confirmation, and the association of ACPA and ACA antibodies with specific clinical symptoms.Materials and methods113 patients were divided into two groups: I – with diagnosed pSS (N = 75); and II – with dryness without pSS evidence (N = 38). Diagnostics: indirect immunofluorescence (IF; Hep-2 cell line) of antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-SS-A anti-SS-B antibodies determined with semi-quantitative method, autoantibody profile (14 antigens, ANA Profil 3 EUROLINE); basic laboratory, ophthalmic examination tests, minor salivary gland biopsy with focus score (FS), joint and lung evaluation, and ESSDAI questionnaire (pSS activity).Results88% of group I had ANA antibodies (1 : 320 titre), 5.3% at 1 : 160. Anti-SS-A antibodies were present in 88% of group I, including all ANA 1 : 160. Anti-SS-A antibodies positively correlated with greater and moderate activity of ESSDAI 5 (p = 0.046) and FS. The presence of SS-B antibodies significantly affected disease activity. ACPA present: group I – 13% (associated with higher arthritis incidence; p = 0.003); group II – 8%. ACA antibodies present in 4% of group I, but not in group II. No ACA association with interstitial lung changes (small ACA + group excludes full conclusions).ConclusionsANA antibodies should also be considered in a titre of less than 1 : 320, but the presence of anti-SS-A antibodies is still the most important immunological marker for pSS. Anti-SS-A antibodies correlate with higher disease activity (ESSDAI ≥ 5) and higher FS. The presence of the anti-SS-B antibody was significantly affected by higher activity of the disease. The incidence of arthritis was higher in patients with ACPA+ pSS compared to ACPA– (p = 0.003). There was no relationship between ACPA and arthritis in patients with dry-type syndrome without diagnosis of pSS.

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of sicca complaints: distinctive aspects of primary, secondary and non-Sjogren syndrome

“…Recent studies have confirmed our finding that SSa is more relevant than SSb as a diagnostic marker for SS, and that SSb positivity does not affect its classification performance [48,49]. Nevertheless, SSb is associated with particular manifestations and appears to be a sign of increased risk of B-cell expansion, and, like SSa, SSb is associated with younger age and hypocomplementemia [48,49].…”

Whole-volume ADC Histogram and Texture Analyses of Parotid Glands as an Image Biomarker in Evaluating Disease Activity of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome

“…Maslinska et al . 17 reported that the presence of anti-SSB was significantly affected by the higher activity of the disease, which was consistent with the findings of the present study. Additionally, the moderate-high-activity group had positive MRI morphology, X-ray sialography, and lip biopsy findings more frequently compared with the low-activity group, which has not been previously reported.…”

Prevalence and clinical significance of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies in primary Sjögren's syndrome

“…Anti-CCP is critical in detecting early stage RA patients. Therefore, anti-CCP positive SS patients should be closely monitored for the future development of RA and other overlap syndromes [12,13]. In our study, the frequency of anti-CCP in primary SS was found to be 4.9%.…”

“…Conflicting results have been found in studies on the clinical importance of anti-CCP positivity in primary SS. While some of them found that the incidence of arthritis increased in those who were anti CCP positive, other studies do not support this [12,13,[23][24][25].…”