The Prevalence of Cancer in Indonesia: An Ecological Analysis

Abstract

Cancer is one of the catastrophic diseases with the most considerable absorption of costs in the National Health Insurance-Indonesian Health Card (JKN-KIS) program. The study aimed at analyzing ecologically the factors related to the prevalence of cancer in Indonesia.The research carried out ecological analysis using secondary data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2018. The study sampled all provinces. Apart from cancer, five other variables analyzed as independent variables were the percentage of preserved meat/chicken/fish, the percentage of fatty/cholesterol/fried foods, the percentage of e-cigarette smokers, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of hypertension. Data were analyzed using scatter plots.The study results found that the higher the percentage of preserved meat/chicken/fish food consumption habits in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The higher the rate of fatty/cholesterol/ fried food consumption in an area, the higher the prevalence of cancer. Likewise, the higher the percentage of e-cigarette smokers in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The higher the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in an area, the higher the prevalence of cancer. Finally, the higher the prevalence of hypertension in a province, the higher the prevalence of cancer. The studyconcluded that the five independent variables analyzed are related to the majority of cancer in Indonesia.