The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain (1994–1996)

Montoya, J. A.; Morales, Manuel; Ferrer, O.; Molina, José Molina; Corbera, Juan Alberto

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00175-1

Cited by 74 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Dirofilaria immitis infection is highly prevalent (up to 60%) in dogs from the Canary Islands (Spain) [23] whereas in this study Di antigen prevalence was only 0.6% as previously described in the Mediterranean basin [6]. The overall Bvb seroprevalence in this study was 1.07%, with 1.3% in Mallorca, 0.86% in Tarragona and 0% in Barcelona.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

A serological study of exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in dogs from northeastern Spain

Solano‐Gallego

Llull

Osso³

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

105

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-There is limited information regarding the prevalence of many vector borne pathogens in Europe and especially in Spanish dogs. We investigated 206 sick and 260 clinically healthy dogs from three different regions in northeastern Spain for antibodies to Rickettsia conorii (Rc), Ehrlichia canis (Ec), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap), Bartonella henselae (Bh), Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii (Bvb), Leishmania infantum (Li) and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) and for antigen of Dirofilaria immitis (Di). Total prevalences were the following: Rc (56.4%), Li (30%), Ec (16.7%), Bh (16.8%), Ap (11.5%), Bvb (1.07%), Di (0.6%) and Bb (0.6%). Seroprevalences for Rc, Ec, Ap, Bh, and Bvb and Bb and Di antigens were similar among the three different study sites. The Ec seroprevalence, as determined by Snap 3DX, was statistically lower in dogs from Mallorca (0%) than Tarragona (16%) and Barcelona (5%) (P < 0.0001). Detection of Rc antibodies was associated with seroreactivity to Ec and Ap antigens (P = 0.018 and P = 0.002, respectively). IFA Ec antibodies were associated with Ap seroreactivity (P < 0.0001). There was no association between the clinical status, sex, time of the year when samples were collected, life-style or exposure to fleas or ticks and a positive test result for Ec, Bh, Bvb, or Bb antibodies or Di antigens. Li seroreactivity was associated with illness and living outdoors (P < 0.0001, P = 0.029; respectively), Rc seroreactivity with the male gender (P = 0.028) and Ap seroreactivity with living outdoors (P = 0.045). This study indicates that exposure to Rc, Li, Ec or related Ehrlichia spp., Bh and Ap or a related spp., is common whereas Di, Bb and Bvb is uncommon among dogs from the Mediterranean basin. We also provide serological data that suggests the existence of a novel Ehrlichia species on Mallorca island. rickettsial pathogens / dogs / Spain

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

A serological study of exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in dogs from northeastern Spain

Solano‐Gallego

Llull

Osso³

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Both sexes had similar prevalence (P>0.05) in agreement with several authors (Song et al, 2003;Montoya et al, 2006;Rapti and Rehbein, 2010), which is in contrast to other studies (Yldrim et al, 2007;Traversa et al, 2010), where significantly higher prevalence rates in males were shown. It has been suggested that the higher infection rate in male dogs could be due to them attracting vectors more strongly (Montoya et al, 1998). Further studies are needed to resolve this question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Several studies found older dogs having an increased risk of D. immitis infection that was thought to be due to the prepatency period of the parasite (Song et al, 2003;Tudor et al, 2009;Lim et al, 2010;Vieira et al, 2014). According to the literature (Montoya et al, 1998;Yildirim et al, 2007) another important risk factor is the time of exposure to the vector; in fact these dogs were kept in outdoor shelters, where they were more likely to acquire this infection. Romania is the country with the largest area of the Danube Basin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic distribution of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in stray dogs of eastern Romania

et al. 2016

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A survey was conducted in the eastern part of Romania to assess the prevalence and geographical distribution of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs. Plasma samples were collected from 458 stray dogs hosted in shelters in 8 counties and tested serologically for the presence of heartworm. In addition, 45 blood samples from dogs of a shelter in Galati city were examined by the modified Knott and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The immmunological assay showed a heartworm infection prevalence of 8.9% in the dogs. Optical density results for positive samples ranged between 0.217 and 2.683. Geographical information systems (GIS) were used to produce overlays of distribution maps of D. immitis prevalence and predictive maps based on temperature suitability. High prevalence of D. immitis was found in the central East up to the northern border of the country, i.e.Galati county (60%), followed by the counties of Vaslui (12.0%) and Iasi (7.7%). Out of 45 samples examined using the Knott test, 23 were positive for circulating microfilariae (51.1%), while 19 dogs were positive for D. immitis and 4 for both D. immitis and D. repens with the multiplex PCR test. The high prevalence for D. immitis shown in dogs in the Southeast (Galati, 42.2%) also by multiplex PCR gave strong support to the results achieved by the serological tests. The present study confirms the ability of GIS to predict the distribution and epidemiology of dirofilariosis in different geographical territories as has been already demonstrated by the empirical epidemiological data obtained at the continental, national and intraregional levels.

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“…The possible explanation for this fact is longer exposure of older animals to the mosquitoes as proven by Montoya et al (1998), Cringoli et al (2001 and others. The present study points out that male gender and longhaired breeds represent a higher relative risk of dirofilariosis as against females and short-haired dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dirofilariosis in Slovakia - a new endemic area in Central Europe

et al. 2008

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The first systematic research on canine dirofilariosis in Slovakia started in February 2007. In total 287 dogs of various age, sex, breeds, and utilization from southern Slovakia were examined within the study until September 2007. Microfilariaemia was detected in 99 (34.5 %) blood samples. Histochemical staining and PCR approach were used for Dirofilaria species identification. Dirofilaria repens was confirmed in all infected dogs; it occurred in 92 (32.1 %) dogs as a single infection and in 6 (2.1 %) dogs in mixed infection with Dirofilaria immitis. For the first time both species were detected in Eastern Slovakia. Outdoor keeping and age higher 3 years become evident as important risk factors. Male individuals and dogs with long hair were significantly more frequently infected when compared with females and short hair breeds. The present study revealed the occurrence of highly endemic area of dirofilariosis in Slovakia and certified that climatic conditions in the country are favourable for development of the parasite and for further spread of this zoonotic infection.

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The prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain (1994–1996)

Cited by 74 publications

References 3 publications

A serological study of exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in dogs from northeastern Spain

A serological study of exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in dogs from northeastern Spain

Geographic distribution of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in stray dogs of eastern Romania

Dirofilariosis in Slovakia - a new endemic area in Central Europe

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