The prevalence of disability in elderly in India – Analysis of 2011 census data

Velayutham, Banurekha; Kangusamy, Boopathi; Joshua, Vasna; Mehendale, Sanjay

doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.04.003

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Disability in elderly is understood as the effect of progressive unwinding of human homeostatic equilibrium [2, 3]. As disability increases with age, it is imperative to understand the nature of its progress and design the health and social care service systems based on the needs of the elderly disabled population [4, 5]. Disability is defined clinically and functionally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive disability in elderly population among tribals of Telangana: a cross sectional study

Katta

Krishna

Bagavandas

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundThe tribal population of Telangana, India, lives in remote and difficult conditions. This study was carried out to find out estimate, the prevalence and progression of disability in elderly population among tribals of Khammam District, Telangana state, India.MethodsA population based cross sectional survey was conducted in villages of Tribal Sub Plan area. Elderly people who are 60 years or older were chosen with a two stage sampling procedure: (1) probability proportion to size was used to select clusters and (2) in each selected cluster households were selected by systematic random sampling. The participants were interviewed with the 36 item Telugu version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) questionnaire. Socio- demographic information, behavioral measurements, health and social benefit indicators were also assessed. Descriptive analytical methods were used for prevalence estimation and logistic regression was used to examine the associations of progressive age over disability among elderly.ResultsA total of 506 elderly people from 1349 households in 20 villages across 31mandals of Khammam were interviewed. Majority of elderly population among tribals were illiterate (men 88.94%; women 99.33%), used tobacco (men 81.25%; women 57.72%), consumed alcohol (men 80.77%; women 47.32%) and were hypertensive (men 53.85%; women 63.42%). The prevalence of disability was higher in women. Maximum disability in the interviewed elderly population was seen in domains of performing house hold activities, and mobility. In comparison with men, women expressed more disability for majority of domains. As age progressed, the disability for self-care domain increased to a maximum of 2.6 times in men and 6.6 times in women and for mobility domain increased to a maximum of 9.7 times in men and 7.2 times in women.ConclusionsAlthough present disability modifying mobility Assistive Devices (AD) can help elderly in overcoming disability, these are primarily designed for built environments. As the needs, cultural sensitivities, and living environment of elderly population in tribals are unique, newer innovative assistive devices should be designed and developed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive disability in elderly population among tribals of Telangana: a cross sectional study

Katta

Krishna

Bagavandas

et al. 2017

Int J Equity Health

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“…Disabled individuals are more prone to suffer from physical inaccessibility in different services and facilities (30). Moreover, reduction in the functional capacities at the older ages signi cantly deteriorate the scope to access healthcare facilities and other services (31). Therefore, it contributes towards the disability burden, which is squarely manifested as a reason to limit the barrier-free infrastructural inclusivity in the facilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the contributions of elderly and non-elderly age-groups to the disability burden in India: A Decomposition Analysis.

Chanda

Puri

Yadav

2020

Preprint

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Background Disability has been an essential component of the health and development framework of India. Despite policy norms, a surge in disability across the population interrogates the role of the increasing elderly population in terms of chronic diseases led disabilities. The regional variation in demographic transitions possesses an unequal risk for the occurrence of disability in the population. The demographic and socio-economic factors can explain the inequality contributed by the elderly and non-elderly population. Methods We have used the National Sample Survey-76th round (2018) to measure the risk difference of disability between elderly and non-elderly age-groups across selected background characteristics. Fairlie’s decomposition technique has been adopted to measure the contribution made by the socio-economic factors in explaining the differences in the prevalence of disability. Distribution of states with respect to prevalence and risk difference of disability between elderly and non-elderly are plotted, to understand the regional inequality in the occurrence of disability in India. Results The study calculates a risk difference of 68 per 1000 population in India, explaining a higher risk of disability among the elderly that varies across socio-economic factors. Belonging from the Central region of India represents a higher risk of disability at old age (risk difference 76.8 per 1000 population) than the rest of the regions in India. Gender, marital status, and education explain 72 percent of the gap in the occurrence of disability between two broad age-groups. Despite having a similar disability prevalence, Kerala and Odisha have risk differences of 32 and 85 per 1000 population, respectively. Conclusions The gap in the disability prevalence is significantly explained by the marital status and educational status of the individuals. Disparity in the risk difference of disability among elderly and non-elderly across states suggests that large size of the elderly population is not the only reason for the increasing disability burden in India. Inadequate healthcare infrastructure and access also results into an unmet health care need pertaining to disability. Study suggests a policy relevance for disability-inclusive and geriatric centric healthcare and social supports in synchronisation with the demand realised by the states in India.

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“…In addition, this phenomenon is much pronounced among elderly and in rural areas as reported in other studies. [8] The nonsignificance associated with marginal employment both in urban and rural areas indicates the urgent need of the mental health system support to SRMIs and serves as a proxy indicator of the recent deterioration of their mental health leading to their downgrade of employment status. With a timely professional intervention, this phenomenon could be reversed, at least in part.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] The origins of such gross difference could stem from planning to execution of the census. However, these disability data are being currently cited in literature for vulnerable population studies,[8] but the mental illness segment is not being used owing to the negative comments that it attracted. [7] The associated data also included the employment of such individuals.…”

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confidence: 99%

Employability of mentally ill persons in India: A self-report-based population study

Ramasubramanian¹,

Mohandoss

Namasivayam

2016

Ind Psychiatry J

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Introduction:The employment status of mentally ill patients is a reflection of their productivity, control of illness besides providing therapeutic benefits and integration into mainstream society. Owing to the associated stigma, self-reporting of mental illness (SRMI) often is rare. Census exercise of India in 2011 provides an insight of SRMI and employment status of such people. This study was undertaken to consider the role of gender, age group, and place on the employment status of SRMI.Methodology:Frequency of SRMI, age group, gender, and employment status was gathered from Indian 2011 census sources. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were employed. P ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant.Results:Majority (68.6%) of the SRMI people resides in rural areas, in the economically productive age group of 15–59 years (75.88%) and often males (57.51%). Of the SRMI as reported in the data, 78.62% were not employed while 2.4% of them were currently employed. The employability frequency distributions of SMRIs were statistically different in terms of area, age group, and gender with significance.Discussion:Although the mental illness data of 2011 census was rejected by mental health professionals citing discrepancy and underestimating of the prevalence of mental illness, it provides a robust estimate of the employability, self-reporting tendency of mental illness. The association of the factors provides a unique insight into SRMIs in India.Conclusion:Understanding the interplay of factors may yield robust estimates and clues for policy framers to formulate employment-related policies for employment opportunities for mentally ill patients.

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The prevalence of disability in elderly in India – Analysis of 2011 census data

Cited by 54 publications

References 6 publications

Progressive disability in elderly population among tribals of Telangana: a cross sectional study

Progressive disability in elderly population among tribals of Telangana: a cross sectional study

Measuring the contributions of elderly and non-elderly age-groups to the disability burden in India: A Decomposition Analysis.

Employability of mentally ill persons in India: A self-report-based population study

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