The Prevalence of E-Cigarette Use Among Adults in Malaysia

Rahman, Jamalludin Ab; Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd; Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Nik; Naidu, Balkish Mahadir; Lim, Kuang Hock; Tee, Guat Hiong; Mohamad, Maria Safura; Kartiwi, Mira; Draman, Samsul; Rahman, Norny Syafinaz Ab; Aris, Tahir

doi:10.1177/1010539519834735

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…That finding is consistent with Jamal's study, which found the odds of being a male smoker compared with a female smoker were higher (17.5% of men and 13.5% of women). 25 E-cigarette use is much higher in adolescents compared with adults. A study in Malaysian adults found that 9.5% had ever used e-cigarettes 9.5% compared with 16.6% of adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

Ofuchi

Zaw

Thepthien

2020

Asia Pac J Public Health

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Currently, e-cigarettes are the most popular tobacco product among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and dual use in a sample of adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand. The sample comprises 6167 students from 48 schools (grades 9, 11, and vocational year 2) who participated in the 2019 round of the Behavior Surveillance Survey. History of 11 ACEs was used to calculate a cumulative ACE score (range 0-11). Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between history of ACEs and smoking. In the sample, 7.0% reported using e-cigarettes only and 9.5% used e-cigarettes and cigarettes (dual use). After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, history of ACEs was associated with increased odds of dual use. The odds of cigarette, e-cigarette, and dual use was significantly greater if the adolescent had a history of ≥4 ACEs. Special attention is needed to prevent smoking of different types among those with a history of ACEs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That finding is consistent with Jamal’s study, which found the odds of being a male smoker compared with a female smoker were higher (17.5% of men and 13.5% of women). 25…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

Ofuchi

Zaw

Thepthien

2020

Asia Pac J Public Health

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“…The prevalence of e-cigarette use among adults is considerably low in Asia, from merely 0.02% in India and 3% in Taiwan to 11.9% in Malaysia 5 - 7 . The low figure might be attributed to the limited adoption of e-cigarette use by the general population; e-cigarette use in Asian countries was found exclusively among current or former cigarette smokers and people with high socioeconomic status 5 , 6 . However, e-cigarette use was higher among younger age groups, from 2 to 5 times higher in India and Taiwan, respectively, which highlights the challenges that ENDS/ENNDS pose to tobacco control 5 , 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarette retailer storefront availability following a nationwide prohibition of e-cigarettes in India: A multicentric compliance assessment

Amalia¹,

Kapoor²,

Sharma³

et al. 2020

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION This study aimed to assess the availability of retailer storefronts that continued to sell electronic nicotine/non-nicotine delivery systems (ENDS/ENNDS) in India, and characterise such retailers following the promulgation of 2019 Indian Ordinance and Act (Ordinance/Act) that prohibit ENDS/ENNDS nationwide. METHODS Discreet observations were conducted of retailer storefronts across different socioeconomic zones in nine major cities of India (Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Dehradun, Delhi, Indore, Kolkata, Ludhiana, Raipur, and Ranchi) from 28 November 2019 to 22 January 2020 to identify the availability of ENDS/ENNDS (i.e. electronic cigarettes, e-cigarette liquid, e-cigarette accessories, heated tobacco products (HTPs), and HTPs accessories). We report the number and proportion (%) of retailers that sold ENDS/ENNDS. Other characteristics of the retailers are also described, including indirect evaluation of the retailer’s awareness of the Ordinance/Act. RESULTS Of the 199 retailer storefronts visited, 37 (18.6%) sold ENDS/ENNDS and, therefore, did not comply with the Ordinance/Act. The highest availability of non-compliant retailers was in Kolkata (n=26; 83.9%). The majority of the non-compliant retailers were tobacco retailers (n=35; 94.6%), sold e-cigarettes (n=22; 59.5%), and e-cigarette accessories (n=24; 64.9%). Although many of the non-compliant retailers displayed their ENDS/ENNDS products (n=33; 89.2%) and did not feature health warnings related to ENDS/ENNDS (n=32; 86.5%) in the stores, nearly 90% (n=33) were aware of the Ordinance/Act. CONCLUSIONS Despite a nationwide ban, ENDS/ENNDS are still available in major cities in India, and concentrated in a particular city. Indian authorities should focus on law enforcement to ensure that the prohibition is effectively implemented.

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“…Despite this restriction, it is estimated that over 600 000 adults in Malaysia vape, with 3.2% of adults reporting current use. 1…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The results show that a substantial minority of the Malaysian population, particularly young men who smoke, use vaping products. 1 There has also been experimentation among adolescents, with recent use strongly associated with being a male who also smokes. 13 While these surveys indicate the need for ongoing close monitoring of vaping prevalence in Malaysia, they also demonstrate the continued high prevalence of smoking among Malaysian men.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Emergence of New Nicotine Products in Malaysia

Gartner

Yusoff

2019

Asia Pac J Public Health

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Tobacco cigarettes still dominate the global nicotine market; however, a diverse range of nontherapeutic alternative nicotine and tobacco products are now sold in many countries. Among these new products, much attention has focused on electronic vaping products, sometimes called "e-cigarettes." These devices produce an aerosol by heating a liquid that the user inhales. Typically, the liquid contains propylene glycol, glycerol, or a mix of the two. Flavors and nicotine are also usually added, although some people vape nicotine-free liquid, while others vape nicotine liquid without added flavoring. Internationally, regulation of vaping products varies from little regulation to complete bans. In Malaysia, vaping products that do not contain nicotine are regulated as consumer products, while those that contain nicotine must be approved as a medicine before they can be sold. As no vaping products have been approved as medicines in Malaysia, only nicotine-free vaping products may currently be sold legally. Despite this restriction, it is estimated that over 600 000 adults in Malaysia vape, with 3.2% of adults reporting current use. 1 What role vaping products should have in tobacco control policy is a matter of robust debate in the tobacco control field. Toxicological studies of the harmful chemicals in vapor compared with cigarette smoke suggest that the cancer risk of cigarette smoking is around 250 times that of vaping. 2 Biomarker studies also show that smokers who switch to vaping have lower exposure to key carcinogens than smokers who continue smoking. 3-5 There is also evidence from clinical trials that they can assist smokers to quit. 6-8 Conversely, these products are not risk-free, as they still expose users to harmful chemicals, are addictive if they contain nicotine, and the pleasant flavors may be attractive to young people. As with all new technologies, we also do not have evidence on the risks of long-term use. Hence, balancing the potential risks and benefits is complex. Vaping has also been linked recently to an outbreak of a serious acute respiratory syndrome in the United States, with some cases diagnosed with lipoid pneumonia. 9 Over 530 cases and 8 deaths are being investigated by health authorities, 10 who are yet to identify an exact cause of the condition, although most cases have admitted to vaping illicit cannabis oil products. Many of the leftover samples tested that contained tetrahydrocannabinol also contained high levels of vitamin

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The Prevalence of E-Cigarette Use Among Adults in Malaysia

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Prevalence of Cigarette and E-Cigarette Use Among Adolescents in Bangkok, Thailand

E-cigarette retailer storefront availability following a nationwide prohibition of e-cigarettes in India: A multicentric compliance assessment

The Emergence of New Nicotine Products in Malaysia

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