The Prevalence of Economic Abuse Among Intimate Partners in Alberta

White, R. McKay; Fjellner, Devon

doi:10.1177/21582440221084999

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Economic abuse can be used to coerce victims into staying in relationships and has been posited to mediate the relationship with poor mental health outcomes, especially when compounded with other IPV types (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022; Stylianou et al, 2013; Voth Schrag et al, 2019). A 2022 Canadian study claimed that “economic abuse, as a general phenomenon, is not a gendered issue”; however the study then reported that economic abuse severity, as well as economic abuse subtypes (especially “economic control”), were gendered and more likely to be reported by women (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022, p. 9). Importantly, this study utilized a small, non-representative sample ( n = 270) and noted the need for population-level research on economic abuse (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 2022 Canadian study claimed that “economic abuse, as a general phenomenon, is not a gendered issue”; however the study then reported that economic abuse severity, as well as economic abuse subtypes (especially “economic control”), were gendered and more likely to be reported by women (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022, p. 9). Importantly, this study utilized a small, non-representative sample ( n = 270) and noted the need for population-level research on economic abuse (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022). The current study addresses this gap.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research has found that men who were unemployed were at the greatest increased risk for experiencing IPV, whereas for women the greatest likelihood was observed for those who experienced food insecurity (Mellar, Gulliver, et al, 2023; Mellar, Hashemi, et al, 2023). Economic abuse can be used to coerce victims into staying in relationships and has been posited to mediate the relationship with poor mental health outcomes, especially when compounded with other IPV types (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022; Stylianou et al, 2013; Voth Schrag et al, 2019). A 2022 Canadian study claimed that “economic abuse, as a general phenomenon, is not a gendered issue”; however the study then reported that economic abuse severity, as well as economic abuse subtypes (especially “economic control”), were gendered and more likely to be reported by women (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022, p. 9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, assessing the validity and comparability of IPV prevalence rates has been compromised by widespread variation and discrepancies in IPV measurements, including whether studies measure IPV based on: “any” presence of IPV, frequency of IPV behaviors, patterns or typologies, severity, IPV by former or current partners, or consideration of IPV subtypes (Ahmadabadi et al, 2021; Follingstad & Rogers, 2013; Hardesty & Ogolsky, 2020). Existing research has predominantly gathered data on physical and/or sexual IPV exposure, whereas other IPV types (e.g., psychological, economic abuse, controlling behaviors) are relatively underassessed (Devries et al, 2013; Fanslow et al, 2021a), particularly for men (McKay White & Fjellner, 2022; Scott-Storey et al, 2023). Others contend that findings of gender symmetry may comprise low severity IPV acts perpetrated by women against men, but fail to recognize differences in the frequency, severity, and impacts of IPV experienced by women (Kimmel, 2002; Winstok, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Gender Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Violence Experience at the Population-Level

Fanslow

Mellar

Gulliver

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

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Claims of “gender symmetry” in intimate partner violence (IPV) prevalence are contested, with resolution of the issue complicated by methodological and measurement challenges. This study explores gendered differences in the distribution of IPV exposure at the population-level, considering multiple types of IPV exposure. The subjects comprised of 1,431 ever-partnered women and 1,355 ever-partnered men. Data from a nationally representative population-based cross-sectional survey were used to compare men and women’s IPV experiences. Twenty-three IPV acts were assessed across IPV types (moderate physical, severe physical, sexual, psychological, controlling behaviors, economic). Proportions were presented by gender for the number of individual IPV acts experienced per IPV type, and the frequency of these acts (none, once, few times, or many times). A composite exposure score was developed to assess the number of acts and their frequency within types by comparing scores in tertiles and across types by correlations. Women reported greater overall prevalence of 20 of the 23 individual IPV acts assessed. Across all assessed acts, women comprised a substantially greater proportion of those who reported experiencing individual acts “many times.” Women experienced more severe and more frequent IPV than men based on self-reported experience of IPV acts, and by the frequency with which acts were experienced. Significant differences between men and women’s exposure scores were observed for all six assessed types, with greater proportions of women scoring in the upper tertiles. This study provides evidence of gender asymmetry in experiences of IPV at the population level. While men do experience IPV victimization, there remains need for directed and substantial resource allocation for intervention and therapeutic responses to women’s exposure to IPV, and for primary prevention with men. Going forward, IPV measurement tools that consider frequency, severity, or co-occurring types of IPV are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Gender Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Violence Experience at the Population-Level

Fanslow

Mellar

Gulliver

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

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A Scoping Review of Intimate Partner Violence Research in Canada

Wathen,

MacGregor,

Burd

et al. 2024

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is at epidemic levels across low-, middle-, and high-income countries, including Canada, where recent lifetime prevalence indicated that over 40% of women had IPV experiences. In response to this, Canada’s federal government has made investments toward IPV prevention and response. We conducted a scoping review of English and French literature identified through searches of multiple databases and specific journals to assess the current state of IPV research in Canada. A total of 267 articles met inclusion criteria of being peer-reviewed research primarily about IPV in either French or English published from 2020 to 2022 with at least one Canadian-affiliated author. Almost a third of studies described services for survivors but did not evaluate service effectiveness. We noted a significant gap in research on the IPV experiences of gender and/or sexual minorities. Canada’s federal social science research funding agency was the most common funder, with the two federal government departments with specific IPV funding initiatives in place cited as funding less than 6% of included studies. In general, there remains an overfocus on IPV epidemiology and on descriptions of service use, and not enough research examining the effectiveness and implementation of interventions, especially grounded in theoretical, gendered, and trauma- and violence-informed frameworks. Funders and researchers are encouraged to consider moving resources from ongoing description of well-established factors to assessment and implementation of evidence-informed interventions, and, crucially, primary prevention of IPV and all forms of gender-based violence.

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The Prevalence of Economic Abuse Among Intimate Partners in Alberta

Cited by 2 publications

References 32 publications

Evidence of Gender Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Violence Experience at the Population-Level

Evidence of Gender Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Violence Experience at the Population-Level

A Scoping Review of Intimate Partner Violence Research in Canada

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