The Prevalence of Hantaan Viruses among Rattus norvegicus in Tokyo in the 1960's

Abstract

During the 1960's, 15 out of 89 rats (16.8%) captured in the port area and 6 out of 59 rats (10.2 YO) in the suburb of Tokyo were seropositive against Hantaan viruses.

Seroepidemiological Survey of Wild Rats for Seoul Virus in Indonesia

“…The infection of the virus has spread into the village area in Ujung Pandang , indicataing that the invasion of the virus into Ujung Pandang had occurred before 1985 . Similar findings were reported in Tokyo, Japan in 1960's (8). As the antibody has been found in wild rats from several ports in Indonesia , careful surveillance of the virus in wild rats as well as in humans should be continued in Indonesia .…”

Understanding meaning in life interventions in patients with advanced disease: A systematic review and realist synthesis

“…As regards the conceptual framework of interventions, seven 3,12,18,19,46,48,49 of the nine interventions included in the review were based on the same conceptual framework, namely Frankl’s 1 logotherapy; as for the others, one was based on the coping model of Park and Folkman 50 and the other on the model described by Morita. 51 A core idea present in all three conceptual frameworks is that people may seek meaning in any aspect of their lives, including in the context of severe illness, where one of the tasks for the individual would be to discover what such a situation means for him or her. The model of Park and Folkman 50 focuses on identifying the personal resources required to cope with a situation or illness, whereas Frankl’s 1 model is based on the will to meaning, an aspect regarded as inherent to all human beings.…”

Wild Rats, Laboratory Rats, Pet Rats: Global Seoul Hantavirus Disease Revisited

“…At least 120 residents in Osaka City were shown to have suffered from urban rat-transmitted EHF, including two with a fatal outcome in the 1960s, followed by five laboratory rat-transmitted EHF cases in the 1980s [53]. In a retrospective study, it appeared that already during the 1960s, 15/89 (16.8%) brown rats captured in the Tokyo port area and 6/59 (10.2%) brown rats in a Tokyo suburb were seropositive for this “HTNV-like” agent [54]. Two SEOV strains were isolated from these Tokyo urban brown rats and called JTRN/82/14 and TR-352 VE8 [26].…”