The Prevalence of Headache and Associated Factors in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Almalki, Daifallah; Shubair, Mamdouh M.; Al-Khateeb, Badr F.; Alshammari, Rawan Abdullah Obaid; Alshahrani, Saeed; Aldahash, Raed; Angawi, Khadijah; Alsalamah, Majid; Al-Zahrani, Jamaan; Al-Ghamdi, Sameer; Alzahrani, Hayat; Aldossari, Khaled K.

doi:10.1155/2021/6682094

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Among lifestyle and behavioral factors, in addition to smoking, which has been observed in prior studies, work significantly increased the intake of OTC drugs. This result is similar to findings of previous national and international studies, which documented the relationship between these factors and headache [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Associated with Over-the-Counter Analgesic Overuse among Individuals Experiencing Headache

Alshareef¹

2022

Clinics and Practice

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The prevalence of chronic daily headache (CDH) worldwide is 4–5%. Treatment for CDH with prophylaxis and abortive medications is often delayed, increasing disease severity. Consequently, increased usage of over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics can lead to medication overuse headache (MOH). This study aimed to assess factors affecting OTC analgesic overuse causing headaches. Methodology: A cross-sectional structured survey was conducted using voluntary response sampling. Among 1177 respondents, 459 individuals with headache were enrolled in the study. Results: Most participants were female (73.5%), almost half were aged 20–39 years (48.1%), and over half used OTC analgesics (56%). A significant association was found between OTC analgesic overuse and factors, such as chronic disease (p = 0.007), working status (p = 0.015), smoking (p = 0.02), headache frequency >15 days per month (p = 0.000), migraine-type headache (p = 0.01), preventive medicine use (p = 0.018), and emergency department visit (p = 0.018). Conclusion: OTC analgesic overuse among individuals with headache is affected by several factors, including the presence of chronic diseases, working status, smoking, and migraine-type headaches. However, preventive medicine and emergency department visits were considered to have protective effects. Health care providers should screen patients for MOH, increase their awareness, and follow MOH guidelines to treat chronic headache.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors Associated with Over-the-Counter Analgesic Overuse among Individuals Experiencing Headache

Alshareef¹

2022

Clinics and Practice

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“…In the current descriptive cross-sectional study design, the prevalence of factors associated with the condition was observed using the “prevalence ratio” ( 13 ). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on headache epidemiology that has utilized PR as a measure of association other than the odds ratio in a cross-sectional study design ( 22 ). It was found that in the stress group, the prevalence of headaches was high (65%; Figure 6 ), and it is well known that stress has a major influence on headache, and its frequency also when the latter is directly proportional to stress intensity ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroepidemiology study of headache in the region of Jammu of north Indian population: A cross-sectional study

Sudershan

Pushap²,

Younis³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurol.

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BackgroundHeadache disorders now represent a major public health problem globally. It is more prevalent in developing countries with the rising trends of headache disorders observed in young adults affecting their quality of life negatively. Very little information is available on the epidemiology of headache disorders in the Jammu Division of the north Indian population.AimThe aim of the present study was to find out the prevalence of headache and its two major types, i.e., migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), in the population of the Jammu Division.MethodsThe present study was conducted in two phases: (Phase I: face-to-face interview and Phase II: E-based sampling) and the sufferers of headaches were incorporated into the study based on the International Classification of Headache Disorder-3 (ICHD-3) criteria for a representative sample. Frequency distribution and mean ± standard deviation were used in descriptive statistics to describe the data sets, while a t-test, chi-square test, multiple logistic regression, and prevalence ratio were used in inferential statistics.ResultsIn the present study, a total of 3,148 patients were recruited, with an overall prevalence of headache of 53.84%, with a majority of females (38.18%) over males (15.66%). As regards the type of headache, migraine was found to be of the more prevalent (33.25%) type than the TTH (20.58%). Females suffering from migraine showed the highest prevalence (25.28%), in contrast to females suffering from the TTH (12.89%). Sociodemographic variables, such as gender [female; AOR = 2.46, 95% CI (2.12–2.85), p-value < 0.0001] and marital status [married; AOR: 1.46, 95% CI (1.11–1.92) p-value = 0.006], showed a significant association with the headache.ConclusionThe present study shows that the prevalence of headache is high in the Jammu Division of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) India, with migraine being the highly prevalent type.

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“…Within Saudi Arabia, a study conducted in Al-Kharj revealed a 3% prevalence of headaches in the general population, with a higher likelihood among females [ 15 ]. However, the specifics regarding the characteristics of headaches among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia remain largely unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headache Characteristics and Their Influencing Factors Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia: A Survey Study

Alharthi,

Hakami,

Binshalhoub

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Headache disorders, particularly migraines, significantly impact public health globally. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) report highlights migraines as the second leading cause of disability worldwide, especially among women under 50. Hormonal changes, particularly estrogen, play a role in primary headaches like migraines, and this connection becomes important during pregnancy due to physiological changes. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia to assess the characteristics of the headaches and explore their influencing factors. The study initiated the data collection process across various regions of Saudi Arabia from February 2023 to July 2023. Participants included pregnant women aged 18 or above residing in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through an online self-administered survey with multiple-choice questions. Descriptive analysis and Pearson Chi-Square tests were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA). Results A study surveyed 411 pregnant women to investigate the characteristics of headaches during pregnancy. The majority of participants were Saudi nationals 381 (92.7%) and 242 (58.9%) aged 18-30 and 357 (86.9%) resided in urban areas. Around 72 (17.5%) reported having chronic diseases. Results showed that 246 (59.9%) of pregnant women were diagnosed with headaches before pregnancy, with migraines being the most common type by 145 (35.3%). Headache frequency increased during pregnancy for 171 (41.6%) of participants, and the majority 275 (66.9%) experienced headaches lasting 0-3 hours. Nausea 219 (53.3%) and holo-cranial pain 112 (27.3%) were common accompanying symptoms. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the burden of headaches among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the importance of improved healthcare practices and educational initiatives to effectively address this issue.

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The Prevalence of Headache and Associated Factors in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Factors Associated with Over-the-Counter Analgesic Overuse among Individuals Experiencing Headache

Factors Associated with Over-the-Counter Analgesic Overuse among Individuals Experiencing Headache

Neuroepidemiology study of headache in the region of Jammu of north Indian population: A cross-sectional study

Headache Characteristics and Their Influencing Factors Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia: A Survey Study

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