The Prevalence of Hyperuricemia and Its Correlates among Adults in China: Results from CNHS 2015–2017

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and associated risk factors in Chinese adults aged 18 to 59 years. All the data were collected from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance during the period 2015–2017, which adopted a stratified, multistage, random sampling method on a national scale. A total of 52,627 participants aged 18 years or older were included in this study. The definition of hyperuricemia was 420 μmol/L for male and 360 μmol/L for female. The Rao–Scott chi-square test was used to compare the differences in prevalence between or among the subgroups. A weighted two-level multivariate survey-logistic regression was used to detect the correlations between HUA and demographic, physical, lifestyle and metabolic factors. The total prevalence of HUA was 15.1%, and that was higher in male, current smokers, higher BMI and less physical activities subgroups, and also in noninfectious chronic diseases (NCDs) subgroups. The subgroups of non-vegetarian diet, insufficient vegetable intakes and excessive red meat and alcohol intakes had significantly higher HUA prevalence. After introducing all the variables in the survey-logistic regression, gender, age, BMI, physically active, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, bean and nut intake, vegetable intake, red meat intake, alcohol consumption and vegetarian were associated with HUA. Among the significant variables, age and physical active served as a protective factor, and BMI showed to be a risk factor for HUA. Hypertension and dyslipidemia could increase the risk for HUA, while diabetes mellitus was shown a negative association with it. For dietary factors, vegetarian diet, sufficient beans and nuts and vegetables intake could lower the risk of HUA, but more alcohol could increase the risk of HUA. Dietary factor played a key role in HUA. It suggested that the intervention of dietary factor should receive more attention to ameliorate the high prevalence of HUA in China.

The correlation between Framingham risk score and hypertension combined with hyperuricemia in an elderly community-based population--a 7-year cohort follow-up study

“…HUA and HTN share several common risk factors, including age, obesity, TC and TG [30][31][32][33]. This overlap suggests that individuals with HTN may have a higher propensity to develop HUA.…”

Interaction of Harmful Alcohol Use and Tea Consumption on Hyperuricemia Among Han Residents Aged 30–79 in Chongqing, China

“…First, harmful drinking increases the production of uric acid and inhibits the excretion of uric acid. 39 , 44 Secondly, harmful alcohol use causes acute liver damage, which affects the production of uric acid metabolic enzymes and uric acid transporters. One study indicated xanthine oxidase inhibition could reduce uric acid production.…”

Establishment and evaluation of a nomogram prediction model for the risk of vascular calcification in stage 5 chronic kidney disease patients

“…The results revealed that, in patients with CKD5, gender, BUN, P, and TG were independent risk factors for elevated serum uric acid levels. Previous epidemiological and mechanistic studies have veri ed that a number of variables, including genetics, gender, age, diet, diabetes, and hypertension, have an impact on SUA levels 37 . According to a metaanalysis, male patients with hyperuricemia in mainland China had an average serum uric acid level that was higher than that of female patients, and the gender prevalence was also signi cantly different, with male patients having a prevalence of 19.4% and female patients having a prevalence of 7.9% 38 .…”