The prevalence of intestinal protozoans in HIV/AIDS patients in Abuja, Nigeria.

Udeh, E.O; Goselle, Obed Nanjul; D-Popova, D.D; Abelau, M; Popov, Tamara; Jean, Nicolas; David, Jill

doi:10.4314/swj.v3i3.51808

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The results indicated that the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in these patients was high. Studies from across the world on the intestinal parasites have reported high prevalence of these parasites in HIV-positive patients (11)(12)(13)(14), which is consistent with the present study. In a study in 2004 by Hailemariam et al in Ethiopia on 104 patients, it was found that of 78 HIV-positive patients, 41 patients (52.6%) and of 26 HIV-negative patients, 11 patients (42.32%) had gastrointestinal parasite infection; also multiple gastrointestinal parasite infections were common in these patients (15).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in HIV-Positive Patients Attending Ahvaz Health Centers in 2012: A Cross-Sectional Study in South of Iran

Adarvishi

Asadi

Cheshmeh

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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Background: AIDS is now known as a crisis throughout the world. Gastrointestinal parasites are the main causes of infections in HIVpositive patients. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV-positive patients who referred to Ahvaz health centers, Ahvaz, Iran in 2012. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 HIV-positive patients of the Ahvaz health centers who selected by convenient sampling. Patients' demographics were recorded by a researcher-made questionnaire. Then, their fecal samples were collected and tested by using direct and concentrated formalin-ether and modified acid-fast staining. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19 software using Chi-square and ANOVA (analysis of variance) tests. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 48.8%, which shows a high prevalence in HIV-positive patients. There was a significant relationship between prevalence of parasite and variables of job, kind of health centers, history of diarrhea (P = 0.0001), education (P = 0.001), and age (P = 0.005), but there was no relationship with variables of CD4 + count (P = 0.293) and dyspepsia (P = 0.103). Conclusions: Given the prevalence of most gastrointestinal parasites, the HIV-positive patients show a weak immune system and higher sensitivity for infection particularly for opportunistic parasites. So, routine stool tests for detection of intestinal parasites are very useful for people with weakened immune systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in HIV-Positive Patients Attending Ahvaz Health Centers in 2012: A Cross-Sectional Study in South of Iran

Adarvishi

Asadi

Cheshmeh

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Chronic Dis Care

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“…In this study, intestinal parasites were isolated using the formol ether concentration and the kato-katz techniques in addition to methods involving staining with the modified field stain and the modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain meanwhile the other studies performed elsewhere at best involved the use of only one concentration and one staining technique. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was also high compared to that reported in other countries, 27.9% in Apulia, Italy [26] and the 28.1% and 42.9% observed in Abuja and Abeokuta respectively in Nigeria [27]. However, the prevalence observed in this study was similar to the 81.8% reported in Tanzania [28] and the 79.3% in Osun state of Nigeria [29].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Prevalence and Predisposing Factors to Intestinal Parasitic Infections in HIV/AIDS Patients in Fako Division of Cameroon

Nsagha

Njunda²,

Nguedia³

et al. 2017

AJEID

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Background: Understanding the epidemiology of intestinal parasitic infection is essential for the effective management of HIV infection in areas where intestinal parasites are also endemic. Data on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHWA) in Cameroon are sparse. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections, as well as assess the predisposing factors for the infection in PLHWA in Fako Division of Cameroon. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between April and July 2014. Stool specimen were collected from consented participants and examined for ova, cysts, larvae or oocytes using the Kato-Katz, Formalin-Ether Concentration, Modified Ziehl-Neelsen and Modified field staining techniques. Statistical analysis performed included the Chi-square test and logistic regression. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: At the end of the study, 300 participants were enrolled, the majority being females 236 (78.6%). The participants were between 21-70 years (mean±SD = 40±10) of age. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 82.6% (95% CI: 78.4 -87.0). The prevalence of infection was associated with age, being more prevalent in the age group 51-60 years (p=0.032). Intestinal protozoa were more prevalent than intestinal helminthes (74.3% vs 11.3%). The parasites isolated included: Cryptosporidium parvum (44.0%), Blastocystis hominis (25.0%), Microsporidium spp. (21.0%), Entamoeba histolytica (7.3%), Ascaris lumbricoïdes (4.3%), Isospora belli (4.3%), Trichuris trichiura (2.3%), hookworm (2.7%), Hymenolepis nana (1.3%), Strongyloïdes stercoralis (0.7%), Cyclospora cayetatensis (3.7%) and Giardia lamblia (3.3%). The predisposing factors for infection with intestinal parasites included poor educational background (OR=0.33, p=0.02), unskilled worker (OR=0.27, p=0.04), well as a source of drinking water (OR=2.6, p=0.03), and living with cats as pets (OR=3.06, p=0.01). Conclusion: A very high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was observed in PLHWA. Major predisposing factors for intestinal parasites infection included primary level of education, ownership of cats as pets, wells as source of drinking water and having a blue collar job. Routine screening for intestinal parasites should be instituted as part of HIV care in Fako division of Cameroon to improve on the management of HIV. HIV, protozoa, helminthes, prevalence, predisposing factors, Fako Division, cameroon Keywords: BackgroundIntestinal parasites are highly endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa [1], a region which is currently experiencing the highest burden of HIV/AIDS [1]. With the overlap in the distribution of both diseases, co-infection with one or more intestinal parasites and HIV is therefore common in the region [2]. The incidence of Intestinal parasitic infections is approximately 50% in developed countries whereas it reaches up to 95% in developing countries [2]. Cameroon is among the Sub-Saharan African countries...

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“…Different factors contribute to the prevalence of intestinal parasites among a given population, the most important ones being environmental, parasitic and host factors [14]. Studies which have been done around the globe have reported a variable prevalence of enteric parasitosis in HIV positive patients, which ranged from 17-84% [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation and the Related Profile of the CD4+ Counts in HIV/AIDS People with Diarrhoea in Jaipur City

Vyas

Sood²,

Sharma³

et al. 2013

JCDR

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Introduction: Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) infections are among the most frequent infections in HIV/AIDS patients. The intestinal opportunistic parasitic infections in HIV-infected subjects present most commonly as diarrhoea. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of enteric parasitic infections in HIV infected patients with diarrhoea, with different levels of immunity. Methods:This study was carried out at the HIV Lab of the Microbiology Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jaipur, Rajasthan, between June-October 2009 among consecutively enrolled 75 HIV infected patients who presented with diarrhoea. Stool samples were collected and examined for enteric parasites by using microscopy and special staining methods. The CD 4 + cell counts were estimated by using the FACS count system. Results:Intestinal parasitic pathogens were detected in 38.66% patients, Cryptosporidium species was the most common enteric opportunistic parasite which accounted for 37.93 % of the total parasites, followed by Isospora belli 31.03 %. In the HIV infected patients with CD 4 + counts of < 200 cells/µl, parasites were identified in 56.25 % patients and in HIV patients with CD 4 + counts between 200-499 cells /µl, parasites could be identified in 27.5 % of the patients . No parasite was detected in the patients with CD 4 + counts of >500 cells/ µl. Conclusion:Parasitic infections were detected in 38.66% HIV infected patients with diarrhoea and a low CD 4 + count was significantly associated with opportunistic infections. Identification of the aetiological agent of diarrhoea in an HIV patient is very important, as it can help in the institution of the appropriate therapy and the reduction of the morbidity and the mortality in these patients.

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The prevalence of intestinal protozoans in HIV/AIDS patients in Abuja, Nigeria.

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in HIV-Positive Patients Attending Ahvaz Health Centers in 2012: A Cross-Sectional Study in South of Iran

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in HIV-Positive Patients Attending Ahvaz Health Centers in 2012: A Cross-Sectional Study in South of Iran

Prevalence and Predisposing Factors to Intestinal Parasitic Infections in HIV/AIDS Patients in Fako Division of Cameroon

The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation and the Related Profile of the CD4+ Counts in HIV/AIDS People with Diarrhoea in Jaipur City

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