The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

Li, Weizhi; Li, Wei; Gong, Pengtao; Zhang, Chengcai; Ju, Yang; Zhang, Xichen; Jianhua, Li

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.04.028

Cited by 19 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous studies showed a high prevalence of P. hominis in pigs and monkeys in China [ 8 , 16 , 20 ]. However, the prevalence of P. hominis in goat was much lower in China, the Philippines and Indonesia [ 9 , 14 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, several polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that are considered more sensitive and specific and are now recognised as definitive for the detection of P. hominis have been described in the literature [3,8,12,13]. The development of molecular detection tools and the increase in the awareness of the zoonotic potential and adaptation of this parasite to a new host have resulted in an increasing number of studies on P. hominis [3,5,8,9,[14][15][16]. Although the potential significance of P. hominis as a mammalian pathogen has been recognised, epidemiological studies in humans and animals in Thailand and many other countries are currently lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

et al. 2021

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Background Pentatrichomonas hominis inhabits the digestive tracts of several vertebrates, such as humans, monkeys, pigs, dogs, cats and rats. This protozoan was originally considered a commensal of the digestive tract but has subsequently been identified as a potential zoonotic parasite and a causative agent of diarrhoea. Molecular techniques are considered more sensitive and specific to detect P. hominis. This study aimed to determine the presence and genetic diversity of P. hominis in animals in Thailand. A total of 403 faecal samples were collected from 119 cats, 55 dogs, 73 goats, 35 monkeys, 55 cattle and 66 pigs, and the presence of P. hominis was determined using the nested polymerase chain reaction method. Sequence analysis of small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes was used to determine the genotype of the organism. Results Twenty-six samples (26/403, 6.45%) were positive for P. hominis. The highest prevalence was found in cats (21/119; 17.65%), followed by cattle (3/55; 5.45%) and dogs (2/55; 3.64%). Seven out of 26 nucleotides demonstrated 100% sequence identity with existing sequences; additionally, 16 novel sequence patterns were identified. All nucleotide sequences of P. hominis-positive samples were shown in the same branch with the previously described P. hominis sequences found in humans, dogs and goat. Conclusion This is the first study on P. hominis infections in animals in Thailand. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of P. hominis was significantly higher in cats than in cattle and dogs. Cats were the main reservoir host; however, P. hominis can infect several kinds of animals. Therefore, the proper waste management of animals is necessary to reduce and prevent infection in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

et al. 2021

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“…According to Hibler et al (23), the parasite was found in the nasal cavity of 55% of animals tested, in the stomach of 8%, the small intestine of 3%, and the caecum of 43%. In Japan, molecular studies of faecal samples from pigs showed a prevalence of 56.3% (7) and a survey conducted in China elicited that the infection rates of T. foetus in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs exceeds 12% (29). Other surveillance reported positive results for the presence of the parasite in 65% of Australian pigs in a mixed farming system with T. foetus-negative cattle (37).…”

Section: T Foetus As a Commensal In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tritrichomonas foetus as a causative agent of tritrichomonosis in different animal hosts

Dąbrowska

Karamon

Kochanowski

et al. 2019

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Tritrichomonas foetus is a protozoan parasite that has been traditionally identified as a cause of reproductive tract disease in cattle and gastrointestinal tract infection in cats. Moreover, T. foetus is also well known as a commensal of the nasal cavity, intestines, and stomach in swine. In this review we describe T. foetus as a pathogen dangerous to more than one animal host, diagnostic and taxonomic aspects of this infection, and the extent to which isolates from different hosts share genetic identity.

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“…In Europe, the disease disappeared quickly, and from most countries, only very sporadic cases were reported over the last three decades. After reports from Asia, that a new PEDV variant caused considerable losses [ 12 , 13 ], that highly virulent PEDV variant emerged also in the United States (US) in 2013, with swine farms experiencing explosive epidemics affecting all age classes of animals, with up to 95% mortality in suckling pigs [ 2 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in a piglet-producing farm in northwestern Germany in 2019

et al. 2020

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Background Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a viral enteric disease of pigs. It affects all age classes of animals but lethality is mainly seen in suckling piglets. After its first appearance in England in 1971, Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has spread worldwide. While sporadic outbreaks prevailed in Europe, the disease had high impact in Asia. Following particularly severe outbreaks in 2011, high impact cases were also reported in the United States and neighboring countries in 2013. Subsequently, outbreaks were also reported in several European countries including Germany. These outbreaks were less severe. This case report describes a recent case of PED re-emergence in Germany and the sequence analyses of the causative PEDV. Case presentation In spring 2019 5 years after re-introduction of PED into Central Europe, a piglet-producer in northwestern Germany experienced an outbreak that affected sows, their suckling piglets, and weaners. After initial confirmation of PEDV by real-time RT-PCR, fecal material and small intestine samples from affected pigs were subjected to metagenomic analyses employing next-generation sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses showed high identities among the PEDV sequences obtained from samples of different animals and a close relation to recent strains from Hungary and France. Compared to the PEDV strains analyzed in 2014, genetic drift could be confirmed. Changes were mainly observed in the spike protein encoding S gene segment. In addition, metagenomic analyses showed multiple Picobirnavirus reads in all investigated samples. Conclusion This case report shows that PEDV is still circulating in Europe. The causative strains are moderately virulent and are still closely related to the so-called INDEL strains reported previously in Europe, including Germany. However, a genetic drift has taken place that can be seen in a novel cluster comprising strains from Germany, Hungary and France in 2019. Relevance and impact of the detected Picobirna sequences need further investigations.

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The prevalence of intestinal trichomonads in Chinese pigs

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

Tritrichomonas foetus as a causative agent of tritrichomonosis in different animal hosts

Re-emergence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in a piglet-producing farm in northwestern Germany in 2019

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