The prevalence of maxillary fractures at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung between 2015 and 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Maxillofacial trauma includes injuries to the lower, middle, or upper thirds of the face and oral cavity. As these fractures have the potential to cause morbidity and even mortality, they require careful examination and management based on their severity. This study aimed to provide information regarding the number and types of maxillary fracture cases at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Methods: The design of this study was a descriptive study. Patients diagnosed with unilateral maxillary fractures, palatal fractures, Le Fort I fractures, Le Fort II fractures, and Le Fort III fractures admitted to Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, from January 2015 - December 2020, were included. Patients with incomplete medical records were excluded from this study.Results: This study found 157 maxillary fracture patients out of 1221 maxillofacial trauma patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital between January 2015 and December 2020. Male patients had a more significant number of cases (87.26%). The ages 11 to 20 years had the highest incidence of maxillary fractures (29.29%). Maxillary fractures accompanied by palatal fractures were the most prevalent, followed by Le Fort II fractures and unilateral maxillary fractures (28.66%, 21.01%, and 11.46%, respectively). About 42.67% of patients who experienced maxillary trauma also sustained mild head injuries. The most frequent mechanism of injury was motor vehicle accidents (95.54%).Conclusion: This study reported the prevalence of maxillary fractures at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung between 2015 and 2020 based on fracture types, sex, age groups, head injuries, and mechanism of injury. Future study is required to measure the force, direction, impact mechanism, use of helmets, and types of helmets to prevent maxillofacial trauma.
 Keyword : Maxillary fracture, le fort I, le fort II, palatal fracture