The prevalence of occupational injury and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Occupation related fatality and mortality rate is becoming the devastating issue globally as reported by the International Labor Organization (ILO). Though there are reports about exposure and burden of occupational injury from the regional states, the studies were fragmented and inconclusive ones at the national level. Hence, the authors' intention being to come up with the national pooled estimates of occupation related injury and the associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods: The international reputable databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library), crossreferencing and manual search strategies were explored rigorously following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P) guideline. Studies that reported the prevalence of occupational injury were included for this systematic review and meta-analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment tool scale for crosssectional studies was used for the critical appraisal of the studies. The heterogeneity between the studies was checked using Cochran Q statistic with the inverse variance (I 2) value. Random effects meta-analysis was considered assess the summative effect size of occupational injury and the factors associated with it. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were also employed to identify the possible source of heterogeneity and factors associated with occupational injury respectively. Both Egger's and Begg's test with the p-value less than 5% were used to declare the presence of publication bias. Results: A total of 23 original studies were considered to estimate the pooled effect size of occupational injury in Ethiopia. The pooled prevalence of occupational injury in Ethiopia was 44.66% (95% CI: 43.83, 45.49). Based on the subgroup analysis, the highest prevalence of occupational injury was reported from the construction sites (50.8%) in particular of the Addis Ababa city administration (49.5.Being male workers [OR = 1.46 (95% CI: 1.01, 2.11)], working more than eight hours per day [OR = 2.84 (95% CI: 1.81, 4.46)], absence of supervision for labor workers [OR = 1.60 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.37)], lack of personal protective equipment [OR = 3.01 (95% CI: 1.61, 5.63)] and lack of occupational health and safety training [OR = 1.49 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.92)] had increased odds of occupational injury.

Self-Reported Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Associated Factors among Restaurant Workers in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020

“…In this study, the prevalence of upper back pain was 53.5% (49.42–57.46) which was higher than the study conducted in Bangladesh (38%), Nepal (7.5%), and Taiwan (32.7%) [ 19 , 23 , 30 ], respectively. The possible reason might be due to the difference in the study participants, sociodemographic characteristics, and differences in workload.…”

“…e prevalence of elbow and wrist pain was 53.8% (49.76%-57.79%) and 51.6% (47.56-55.62), respectively. is study was higher than the study conducted among restaurant workers in Taiwan (27.3%) and Nepal (5%) and hotel housekeeping in Gondar town (47.2%) and barbers in Gondar town (29.3%) [19,[30][31][32], respectively. e possible explanation could be the restaurant workers' tasks require repetitive and forceful movement of the hand as compared e difference in socioeconomic and working processes in the study area and Taiwan is quite different.…”

Statistics on Trends of Occupational Injury and Related Injuries in the Philippines

“…This is similar to other studies that showed the manufacturing and construction sectors had the highest cases of injuries. [44][45][46] Data gathered for this review were taken from different government and non-government agencies and spans from 2011 to 2017. However, the Republic Act 11058 or "An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards and Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof " was signed into law in 2018, which is a year not covered in this study.…”

Utilization of personal protective equipment and associated factors among large-scale factory workers using health belief model in Debre-Berhan town, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2021

“…In Ethiopia, reports indicated that only 5 to 10% of workers have access to occupational health services in their respective workplaces [7]. But nearly half [44.66%] of the workers in Ethiopia were experienced occupational injury.…”

“…But nearly half [44.66%] of the workers in Ethiopia were experienced occupational injury. Upon reviewing several literatures about occupational health and safety among factory workers for this study, the PPE utilization rate typically ranges between 20.6% and 82.4% [7][8][9][10].…”