The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Affluent and Poor Urban Communities of Pakistan

Hameed, Kamran; Gibson, T.; Kadir, Masood; Sultana, Samina; Fatima, Zainab; Syed, Asmir I.

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/34.3.252

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The questionnaire developed by the ARC Epidemiology Unit, which has been recently used in a number of studies, permits direct comparison with data from different geographical areas. The prevalence of RA in Italy is higher than that observed in Pakistan (0.14%),10 similar to that observed in black Caribbeans living in Manchester (0.29%),7 and in Hong Kong orientals (0.35%)11 but lower than that observed in a white population from Manchester (0.8%) 7…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Italy: the Chiavari study

Cimmino

Parisi

Moggiana

et al. 1998

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

111

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Italy: the Chiavari study

Cimmino

Parisi

Moggiana

et al. 1998

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

111

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“…Highest prevalence (8/1,000) was seen in affluent urban community. Hameed et al [20] looked at rheumatoid arthritis in affluent and poor communities in southern Pakistan. Surprisingly, M:F ratio was 1:1 and rheumatoid arthritis was seen in older men compared with women.…”

Section: Rheumatoid Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of arthritis in India and Pakistan: a review

2011

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Recent studies of rheumatoid arthritis worldwide suggest that prevalence of arthritis is higher in Europe and North America than in developing countries. Prevalence data for major arthritis disorders have been compiled in West for several decades, but figures from the third world are just emerging. A coordinated effort by WHO and ILAR (International League Against Rheumatism) has resulted in collecting data for countries like Philippines, China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and rural South Africa but the information about prevalence of arthritis in India and Pakistan is scarce. Since both countries, i.e., India and Pakistan, share some ethnic identity, we reviewed published literature to examine the prevalence of arthritis in these countries. Medline and Pubmed were searched for suitable articles about arthritis from 1980 and onwards. Findings from these articles were reviewed and summarized. The prevalence, clinical features, and laboratory findings of rheumatoid arthritis are compiled for both India and Pakistan. Data collected from these two countries were compared with each other, and some of the characteristics of the disease were compared with Europe and North America. It is found to be quite similar to developed countries. Additionally, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is of different variety than reported in West. It is more of polyarticular onset type while in West pauciarticular predominates. Additionally, in systemic onset, JRA uveitis and ANA are common finding in developed countries; on the other hand, they are hardly seen in this region. Although the prevalence of arthritis in Pakistan and India is similar to Western countries, there are inherent differences (clinical features, laboratory findings) in the presentation of disease. The major strength of the study is that it is the first to pool reports to provide an estimate of the disease in the Indian subcontinent. Scarcity of data is one of the major limitations. This study helps to understand the pattern of disease in this part of country that can be stepping-stone for policy makers to draft policies that can affect target population more appropriately.

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“…RA affects around 0.5-1% of the adult population in developed regions (Moreland 2005; McInnes and Schett 2011; Turesson et al 1999). Its prevalence in Southern Pakistan is reported to be 0.142% (Hameed et al 1995) whereas in Northern Pakistan the estimated prevalence is 0.55% (Farooqi and Gibson 1998). Although the cause of RA is still not clearly known, it is estimated that 60% of the incidence of the disease is attributed to heritable factors (Chang et al 2008), with the remainder being attributed to environmental factors (Gibofsky et al 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of rs182429 variant in TAGAP with rheumatoid arthritis in Pakistani population

et al. 2017

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Variations in T-cell activation Rho-GTPase activating protein (TAGAP) have been associated with various autoimmune diseases including Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). The gene is involved in T cell activation and is therefore of particular interest in context of T cell-driven autoimmune diseases. Genome-wide association studies suggest association between TAGAP and RA in various populations. This study sought to investigate any association of TAGAP with RA in Pakistani population. For this, two variants in TAGAP (rs182429 A/G and rs212389 A/G) were investigated because of their high implication in RA liability of European patients. The variants were genotyped in 186 Pakistani RA patients and 185 controls. No significant difference was observed in distribution of rs212389 between patients and controls (P = 0.87 for genotypic frequency and P = 1.000 for allelic frequency) which differs from findings in European subjects. Conversely, statistically significant difference was observed in rs182429 (P = 0.0026 for genotypic frequency and P = 0.0373 for allelic frequency). Heterozygous genotype AG and allele A were found to be disease susceptible genotype and allele respectively, because of their higher frequency in patients. While higher frequency of genotype GG and allele G in healthy controls suggests them as protective genotype and allele, respectively, in Pakistani population. This is the first TAGAP association study with RA in Pakistani cohort and its results suggest that the distribution of alleles regarding contribution to RA is actually population specific. In future, novel therapeutic targets for RA can be identified by exploring functional significance of these SNPs.

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The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Affluent and Poor Urban Communities of Pakistan

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Italy: the Chiavari study

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Italy: the Chiavari study

Prevalence of arthritis in India and Pakistan: a review

Association of rs182429 variant in TAGAP with rheumatoid arthritis in Pakistani population

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