The Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter on Broiler Meat at Different Stages of Commercial Poultry Processing

Thames, Hudson T.; Fancher, Courtney A.; Colvin, Mary G.; McAnally, Mika; Tucker, Emily; Zhang, Li; Kiess, Aaron S.; Dinh, Thu; Sukumaran, Anuraj T.

doi:10.3390/ani12182460

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the 2022 study by Thames et al Tetrathionate broth was used for enrichment, and the XLD culture medium was used for the culture of Salmonella-infected samples. According to their report, the bacteria have grown well, and their results are consistent with the results of this study [10] xylose lysine agar Tergitol 4 media. According to their report, Salmonella was isolated from all environments, and there was no significant difference in the growth rate in different environments [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of the Effect of Temperature and Different Culture Media on the Possibility of Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC: 14028)

Eslami,

Anzabi,

NourAzar

2024

IJML

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Background and Aims: Gastrointestinal infection with Salmonella serotypes, especially Typhimurium, is common worldwide. One of the important points regarding the isolation of Salmonella is its similarity with other microbial flora, which makes it difficult to isolate it. Therefore, it is very important to choose the correct separation method. This study aimed to compare the growth rate of Salmonella in different cultural environments and the effect of temperature and enrichment on it. Materials and Methods: 24 out of 36 Ross breed broilers were infected with the bacteria to obtain stool samples containing Salmonella Typhimurium. One McFarland dilution was given to chickens for experimental infection. After the confirmation of the infection, the culture was started in days for 7 consecutive days. From 2 media enriched with Tetrathionate broth and Selenite Cysteine broth and 3 selective culture media, Xylose lysine Deoxycholate agar, Brilliant Green agar, and McConkey agar for culture were used. All cultures were examined at 2 temperatures of 37°C and 42°C in terms of growth rate. The Kappa test was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed no difference between tetrathionate and selenite cyane enrichment media (k=0.81). Agreement between Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate and McConkey (k=0.33), agreement between Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate and Brilliant Green (k=0.57), and agreement between Brilliant Green and McConkey (k=0.80), were obtained. The agreement between 37°C and 43°C was < 0.1. Conclusion: According to the results obtained, using an Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate culture medium and incubation at 42°C are recommended to isolate Salmonella Typhimurium from fecal samples.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparison of the Effect of Temperature and Different Culture Media on the Possibility of Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC: 14028)

Eslami,

Anzabi,

NourAzar

2024

IJML

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“…The occurrence rates of Campylobacter spp. in the birds of the present study varied depending on the analytical method and were calculated 40.33% for the quantitative method at 42 • C, 41.50% for the qualitative method at 42%, 41.33% for the quantitative method at 37 • C, and 41.00% for the qualitative method at 37 • C. These rates are far below the nearly 100% prevalence rate reported in the European industrial broiler farms [36,37] and USA broiler farms [38][39][40], or even from 60.30% in Sub-Saharan Africa [41], but higher than 0.6-13.1% reported in Northern European countries [42]. However, all these studies refer to samples from caeca or to fecal samples where the conditions are ideal for the main thermophilic Campylobacter species, and not to skin or to meat samples taken in the field as in our study [43,44].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Biodiversity Dynamics of Campylobacter Species in Chicken Tissues in Rural Households in Region Epirus, Greece

Dermatas,

Rozos,

Voidarou

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The Campylobacter species is considered as an emerging zoonotic threat to public health. C. jejuni and C. coli are the most studied species, yet a variety of other species of the same genus were found to be the causative agents of other diseases. Chicken meat has been described as an excellent vehicle for the transmission of some Campylobacter species but most of the relevant research has been conducted in urban populations and concerned meat of industrial-grade birds. To investigate the abundance and prevalence of the Campylobacter genus in rural free-grazing chicken, quantitative and qualitative methods at 37 and at 42 °C were employed. The possible correlation of the prevalence with certain epidemiological factors (size of the flock, presence of other poultry species, presence of small ruminants, feeding concentrates, or leftovers) has been also investigated. In total, 242–249 strains (depending on the method) belonging to the following 18 different Campylobacter species have been isolated: C. coli, C. rectus, C. hominis, C. helveticus, C. upsaliensis, C. jejuni, C. avium, C. fetus, C. hepaticus., C. lari, C. sputorum, C. mucosalis, C. gracilis, C. showae, C. hyointestinalis, C. concisus, C. cuniculorum, and C. ureolyticus. The size of the flock and the presence of small ruminants in the same household were the most influential factors affecting the prevalence of most species. Campylobacter species biodiversity can be attributed to environmental, zoonotic, or anthropogenic contamination. Rural populations should be educated about the importance of self-protection measures during their contact with their poultry and the necessity to cook sufficiently the meat.

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“…A total of 40 C. jejuni strains previously collected from various commercial poultry processing plants were used in this study [20]. Isolates were collected from three commercial processing plants from different stages of processing including Mechanically separated meat (MDM), Post pick (PP), Pre-chill (PRC), and Drumstick (DRUM) (Table 1) [20,21]. Isolates were confirmed to be C. jejuni using PCR [20] and then stored at −80 • C in 20% glycerol until further use.…”

Section: Campylobacter Strains and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerotolerance and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Commercial Broiler Processing Plants

Pokhrel,

Thames,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Foods

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Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of acute diarrhea in the United States. Despite being a microaerophilic pathogen, C. jejuni continues to endure within the domain of food production, especially in poultry processing. Recent research on aerotolerance indicates that close monitoring of this pathogen is necessary. A total of 40 C. jejuni isolates previously obtained from commercial broiler processing plants were analyzed for aerotolerance and genetic diversity. In addition, the effect of aerotolerance and storage time (days) on the survival of C. jejuni on broiler drumsticks at refrigeration (4 °C) and freezing conditions (−20 °C) was also evaluated. Out of 40 isolates, 25 (62.5%) were aero-sensitive (AS), 10 (25%) were intermediately aerotolerant (IAT), and 5 (12.5%) were hyper aerotolerant (HAT). The isolates belonged to four clonal complexes (CCs) and six sequence types, with the majority of isolates assigned to the CC–353 clonal complex. C. jejuni counts were reduced by 0.40 log CFU/g after 7 days at 4 °C and by 1.50 log CFU/g after 14 days at −20 °C, respectively, irrespective of aerotolerance (p < 0.001). At both refrigeration (p < 0.013) and freezing (p < 0.001), HAT showed greater reductions as compared to AS and IAT. These findings suggest that both refrigeration and freezing reduce C. jejuni counts.

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The Prevalence of Salmonella and Campylobacter on Broiler Meat at Different Stages of Commercial Poultry Processing

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Comparison of the Effect of Temperature and Different Culture Media on the Possibility of Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC: 14028)

Comparison of the Effect of Temperature and Different Culture Media on the Possibility of Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC: 14028)

Biodiversity Dynamics of Campylobacter Species in Chicken Tissues in Rural Households in Region Epirus, Greece

Aerotolerance and Multi-Locus Sequence Typing of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Commercial Broiler Processing Plants

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