The prevalence of sleep paralysis among Canadian and Japanese college students.

Fukuda, Kazuhiko; Ogilvie, Robert D.; Chilcott, Lisa; Vendittelli, Ann-Marie; Takeuchi, Tomoka

doi:10.1023/b:drem.0000005896.68083.ae

Cited by 55 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Only 7 percent of the comparison group said ''yes'' to these two questions. The Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt article references indicated a prevalence of sleep-related hallucinations in 19 percent, and specifically falling-asleep hallucinations in 24 to 28 percent, of the general population, figures consistent with our review of other pertinent literature on these topics (Cheyne, Newby-Clark, and Rueffer, 1999;Fukuda, Ogilvie, Chilcott, Vendittelli, and Takeuchi, 1998). The American Psychiatric Association (2000, p. 610) indicated an overall prevalence of 10 to 15 percent.…”

Section: Composition Of Participant Groupssupporting

confidence: 77%

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

2007

JNDS

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In April 2006, an important article appeared in a respected medical journal suggesting a relationship between near-death experiences (NDEs) and the body's arousal system, specifically the phenomenon of rapid eye movement (REM) intrusion. In March 2007, the same authors published another article in the same journal, expanding on the previous article's findings and suggesting a relationship between out-of-body experiences (OBEs) and the arousal system. These articles presented lines of evidence and a study to support the hypothesized relationship. In this paper, we acknowledge the viability and potential value of the hypothesis underlying both articles, but identify substantial weaknesses in both the presented lines of evidence and the studies. We conclude with recommendations for future research that would address the hypothesis and would promote a better overall understanding of NDEs and OBEs. Neurology is one of the largest and most respected journals devoted to medical research on the human nervous system. Nelson, the first author of both articles, is a nationally known neurologist. The articles received a lot of media coverage, and despite the authors' diligent efforts to present their study's findings in a balanced manner, the media often inflated those findings beyond what Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt claimed, especially after publication of the first article. For these reasons, a clear understanding of the articles is important both to interested members of the public and to the scholarly field of near-death studies.These articles and their findings were somewhat complex. To help explain them, we first provide some important background information, including a summary of the articles, and then provide our response to them.The first article, by Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt, addressing a possible relationship between near-death experiences (NDEs) and rapid eye movement (REM) intrusion, was longer and more detailed, and its concepts underlay the conclusions of the second article. That extensive first article included some detailed discussions of neurological pathways, listing 91 references. We will not address the neurological pathway discussions. Instead, we will focus primarily on those points we consider most relevant to an understanding of the relationship between NDEs, out-of-body experiences (OBEs), and REM intrusion, a phenomenon we will explain below.We want to say at the outset that we respect and appreciate the contribution Nelson, Mattingly, Lee, and Schmitt have made to the field of near-death studies. They raised a plausible hypothesis. Although we found much to criticize in their methods and findings, we do not want that criticism to be interpreted as lack of regard for them or their efforts. Our heartfelt goal is to encourage future excellent research on NDEs and to encourage open and respectful dialogue.Journal of Near-Death Studies ndst-25-03-02.3d 18/4

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Section: Composition Of Participant Groupssupporting

confidence: 77%

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

2007

JNDS

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“…Fukuda y col ( 12,17 ), Penn y col ( 15 ) y Awadalla y co1 ( l6 ) informan una menor prevalencia (24,5% -28,8%). Esto pudo deberse a las características de nuestra población de estudio, de la connotación cultural dada a esta entidad y del cuestionario usado.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalencia y presentación de la parálisis del sueño en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM

Huamaní

Martínez

et al. 2013

An Fac med

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“…We do not believe CTS is related to SP; however, research into SP has created some interesting information about sleep position. In one study of sleep positions in Japan and Canada, Fukuda found that 58.8% of Canadian university students and 32.4% of Japanese university students sleep on their side, whereas 40.5% of Japanese and 3.5% of Canadian students sleep on their back [15].…”

Section: Pregnancy and Sleep Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Associations of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Sleep Position: Is there a Case for Causation?

McCabe

Uebele

Pihur

et al. 2007

Hand (New York, N,Y.)

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Introduction Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is thought to be due to compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. It is known that carpal tunnel pressures are elevated in wrist postures of flexion and extension and in those patients with CTS. Classic symptoms of CTS include night waking with pain, tingling, and numbness. These classic symptoms stimulated our interest in the relationship of sleep to the development of CTS. Method We reviewed the literature surrounding the epidemiology of CTS and the literature regarding sleep disturbances. Through careful distillation of these studies and a process of reasoning, we have developed a hypothesis for a causal mechanism of CTS.Results Epidemiologically, it has been shown that CTS is associated with age, gender, increased body mass index (BMI), diabetes, pregnancy, and is more common in some populations. The same associations noted above for CTS are strongly associated with sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances due to age, gender, BMI, pregnancy, and population variations are all associated with sleeping in the lateral position supporting the hypothesis that a common causative mechanism of CTS is sleeping in a lateral position. Discussion We believe that the epidemiologic associations with CTS act through a common causative mechanism, increased sleeping in the lateral position which puts the wrist at increased risk of flexion or extension, compressing the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. This hypothesis is simple and explains the connection between a previously unconnected group of epidemiologic associations. This realization has real clinical significance in that it focuses our attention on the early disorder when it is completely reversible. It clarifies previously confused clinical circumstances, creates research questions that can be tested, and it invites us to change our clinical perspective in this most common form of nerve compression.

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The prevalence of sleep paralysis among Canadian and Japanese college students.

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

Does the arousal system contribute to near-death and out-of-body experiences? A summary and response.

Prevalencia y presentación de la parálisis del sueño en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la UNMSM

Epidemiologic Associations of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Sleep Position: Is there a Case for Causation?

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