The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a farm worker community in the Boland district, South Africa

Kruger, Maritza; Nell, Theo

doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3973-1

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Age was significantly associated with LDL-C levels (r = 0.319, p = 0.002), WC (r = 0.452, p < 0.001), systolic (r = According to the American Heart Association (AHA) definition of MetS, the prevalence of MetS among the women in this study was 53.3%, which was higher than the 44.9% and 46.3% found among black urban women 25 and coloured women respectively in the Western Cape. 22 The most prominent MetS risk factors among the women in this study were low HDL-C and high serum TRG levels, followed by visceral obesity, which were consistent with another study conducted among black women, 25 but inconsistent with the results of the study among coloured women. 22 Reduced HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia, the two main types of dyslipidaemia associated with MetS, 21 were also found in this study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…22 The most prominent MetS risk factors among the women in this study were low HDL-C and high serum TRG levels, followed by visceral obesity, which were consistent with another study conducted among black women, 25 but inconsistent with the results of the study among coloured women. 22 Reduced HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia, the two main types of dyslipidaemia associated with MetS, 21 were also found in this study. The prevalence of abnormally low HDL-C levels nationally at 47.9% 26 was much lower than the 78.7% found in this study at baseline.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

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The effect of consumption of soy foods on metabolic syndrome in women: a case study from peri-urban Qwa-Qwa, South Africa

Oldewage‐Theron

Egal

2018

South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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The objective was to determine the long-term effect (18 months) of 40 g daily consumption of whole soy bean on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in apparently healthy women. Design: Single-system experimental design. Subjects and setting: Ninety women were randomly recruited from three communities in Qwa-Qwa, Free State province. Outcome measures: Dietary intake (24-h recall questionnaire), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, fasting venous blood samples for total serum cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TRGs) and glucose analyses. Results: The prevalence of MetS was significantly (p < 0.001) reduced from 53.3% to 34.4% after the intervention. The most prominent risk factors were low serum HDL-C and high serum TRG levels followed by obesity (WC). After the intervention, the MetS group had significantly improved mean serum glucose (p = 0.013), systolic (p < 0.001) and diastolic (p < 0.001) blood pressure. No significant improvements were observed in the non-MetS group. Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS is high in black women residing in Qwa-Qwa. Despite the beneficial metabolic effects observed in this study, a relationship between soy protein consumption and MetS risk factors could not statistically be confirmed. However, soy is a source of good-quality protein and is often used in low-income households as a replacement for other more expensive protein sources and the use of soy should not be discontinued as it may have a beneficial effect on MetS and may play a role in preventing MetS. More research is needed in large-scale case-control studies to determine the effect of soy consumption on MetS risk factors. Social media message: Research has shown that soy may be beneficial for ameliorating some of the metabolic syndrome risk factors.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

The effect of consumption of soy foods on metabolic syndrome in women: a case study from peri-urban Qwa-Qwa, South Africa

Oldewage‐Theron

Egal

2018

South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…Muthunarayanan in India also reported the same finding [29]. According to a study finding from South Africa, MetS was highest among 40-49years old individuals and decrease thereafter [31]. Systematic review findings from Iran indicated that being older adults, and those with low physical activity have been reported to have a higher rate of MetS [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…A study done by Anas Ahmad Sabir et al in Nigeria reported a high prevalence of MetS and its components using NCEP ATP III criteria with a prevalence of 35.1%, 56.1%, 46.1%, 32.7%, 28.0%, and 22.4% for MetS, low HDL-c, hypertension, dysglycemia, central obesity, and elevated triglyceride respectively[36]. A study conducted in South Africa among farmworkers also indicated the prevalence of the individual metabolic syndrome components as 64.9%, 56.4%, 56.4%, 31.9% and 23.4% for hypertension, abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, elevated triglyceride level, and elevated fasting blood glucose respectively[31]. Abdominal obesity (53%), low HDL-c (34%), high triglyceride (21%) and hyperglycemia (20%) were the most frequently occurring risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the United Arab Emirates[37].Age is significantly associated with MetS in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its components among adult residents of Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia, community-based cross-sectional study.

Gebrehiwot¹,

Belachew²,

Mehari³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Metabolic Syndrome is becoming a big public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia. The risk of dying from NCDs in low and lower-middle-income countries is almost two times that in high-income countries. NCDs account for 42% of deaths in Ethiopia. The trend of deaths due to NCD is increasing over time in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its components among adult residents of Mekelle city.Method: a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2019 among adults aged 20 years and above in Mekelle city. Around 266 study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric measurements, and blood biochemical tests were performed using WHO stepwise technique. Blood glucose and lipid profiles were determined after overnight fasting. The classification of metabolic syndrome was based on the international diabetic federation criteria. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were done using SPSS version 24.Result: the prevalence of Metabolic syndrome was 21.8%. Elevated waist circumference was the most prevalent metabolic syndrome component followed by hypertriglyceridemia, with a prevalence of 41.7% and 38.0% respectively. The prevalence of the remaining three components of MetS were also 33.8%, 32.7%, 21.4%, and 14.3% for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol respectively. Age of 40 years and above, the highest rank of monthly income, blood cholesterol greater than 200mg/dl, waist to height ratio greater than 0.55, and walking at least 10 minutes daily were identified as significant predictors of metabolic syndrome.Conclusion : Adult residents of Mekelle city have a high magnitude of Metabolic syndrome and its components which may aggravate the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This result emphasizes an urgent need for a public health strategy for preventive, early detection, and management of metabolic syndrome, and its individual components.

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“…This sub-study included n = 120 female farm workers between the ages of 20 and 60 years whom formed part of a larger farm worker study performed during 2015 [43]. During each site visit, experimental procedures were communicated with an opportunity to address any questions about the study.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures of obesity and accepted cardio-metabolic disease risk factors from a peri-urban female farm working population in South Africa

Randeria

Joseph

Mentoor

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains a primary cause of (central) obesity-associated mortality among African populations. Measures of adiposity are reported as prevalence’s in a South African (SA) female farm working population at risk for cardio-and metabolic disease related to body mass index, (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (W:H), waist circumference (WC) and visceral adiposity index (VAI), biochemical and metabolic blood parameters.Methods: A cross-section of female farm workers (n=120) from the Boland region in SA between the ages 20-60 years were recruited and classified according to different anthropometric indices including BMI, W:H, WC and the VAI, and subsequently divided into normal- and at risk groups for each index. Blood samples were analysed for inflammatory markers, serum insulin, glucose and a full lipid profile.Results: Prevalence’s and significant differences for the different adiposity measures between normal and overweight groups were: (BMI: 25.8% - 74.2%; p<0.0001); (W:H: 57.5% - 42.5%; p<0.0001); (WC: 42.0% vs 58.3%; p<0.0001); and (VAI: 48.3% vs 51.7%; p<0.0001). Systolic blood pressure (p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.03) were different within the BMI grouping, as well as VAT% (p<0.001) and SAT% (p<0.01). Differences were reported for body mass, BMI, WC and VAI within the W:H and WC groupings. Systolic (p=0.04) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0009) were different in the WC grouping. Metabolic healthy and unhealthy women showed differences in BMI (p<0.05); W:H (p<0.0001); WC (p<0.0001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were different between metabolic healthy (p<0.05) and unhealthy women (p=0.0005). The inflammatory cytokines were similarly elevated in the normal and obese groups TNFα; (p<0.0001); IL-6; (p<0.01), MCP-1; (p=0.0001), and resistin; (p<0.0001). For the W:H, IL-6 (p<0.01) and blood glucose (p=0.006) were different. The WC grouping showed differences in resistin (p<0.0001), MCP-1 (p<0.0001, blood glucose (p<0.01, and insulin (p=0.0002). For metabolic healthy vs unhealthy women, resistin (p<0.0001); MCP-1 (p=0.0007); blood glucose (p<0.01) and insulin (p<0.05) were different.Conclusion: Women suffering from obesity showed a higher pro-inflammatory profile and higher risk for cardio-metabolic disease using the BMI as a measure of adiposity compared to WC, W:H and VAI.

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The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a farm worker community in the Boland district, South Africa

Cited by 23 publications

References 37 publications

The effect of consumption of soy foods on metabolic syndrome in women: a case study from peri-urban Qwa-Qwa, South Africa

The effect of consumption of soy foods on metabolic syndrome in women: a case study from peri-urban Qwa-Qwa, South Africa

Magnitude of metabolic syndrome and its components among adult residents of Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia, community-based cross-sectional study.

Measures of obesity and accepted cardio-metabolic disease risk factors from a peri-urban female farm working population in South Africa

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