The Prevalence of Vaginal Microorganisms in Pregnant Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Birth

Choi, Seong Jin; Park, Soon Deok; Jang, In Ho; Uh, Young; Lee, Anna

doi:10.3343/alm.2012.32.3.194

Cited by 79 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Conflicting associations between mollicutes and preterm birth have had a long history, not only related to population tested, but also to testing itself (culture vs PCR) (5,7,8,9,10,11,12,16,20,21,22,23,24,25,26). We used PCR probes that can separate M hominis , M genitalium , and U parvum from U urealyticum (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Factors and Urogenital Infections Associated With Preterm Birth in a Midwestern U.S. Population

Agger

Siddiqui

Lovrich

et al. 2014

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Objective To correlate epidemiologic factors with urogenital infections associated with preterm birth. Methods Pregnant women were sequentially included from four Wisconsin cohorts: large urban, midsize urban, small city, and rural city. Demographic, clinical, and current pregnancy data were collected. Cervical and urine specimens were analyzed by microscopy, culture, and polymerase chain reaction for potential pathogens. Results Six hundred seventy-six women were evaluated. Fifty-four (8.0%) had preterm birth: 12.1% (19/157) large urban, 8.8% (15/170) midsize urban, 9.4% (16/171) small city, and 2.3% (4/178) rural city. Associated host factors and infections varied significantly among sites. Urogenital infection rates, especially Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma parvum, were highest at the large urban site. Large urban site, minority ethnicity, multiple infections, and certain historical factors were associated with preterm birth by univariable analysis. By multivariable analysis, preterm birth was associated with prior preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27–6.02) and urinary tract infection (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.32–519), and negatively associated with provider-assessed good health (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23–0.76) and group B streptococcal infection treatment (surrogate for healthcare utilization) (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15–.99). Risk and protective factors were similar for women with birth at < 35 weeks, and additionally associated with M hominis (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.4–9.7). Conclusion These measured differences between sites are consistent with observations that link epidemiologic factors, both environmental and genetic, with minimally pathogenic vaginal bacteria, inducing preterm birth, especially at less than 35 weeks of gestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Factors and Urogenital Infections Associated With Preterm Birth in a Midwestern U.S. Population

Agger

Siddiqui

Lovrich

et al. 2014

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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“…Similarly, Kataoka et al (179) demonstrated that U. parvum was detected in 16/21 women (76.2%) who delivered preterm and also in 440/856 women (51.4%) who delivered at term (P ϭ 0.024). Other authors have reported equally high carriage rates in women who deliver at term, and the majority of studies conclude that lower genital tract Ureaplasma colonization is not a significant predictor of preterm birth or chorioamnionitis (185)(186)(187)(188)(189)(190).…”

Section: Lower Genital Tract Ureaplasma Colonization Association Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Ureaplasma Species as Causative Agents of Chorioamnionitis

et al. 2017

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SUMMARY The human Ureaplasma species are the most frequently isolated microorganisms from the amniotic fluid and placentae of women who deliver preterm and are also associated with spontaneous abortions or miscarriages, neonatal respiratory diseases, and chorioamnionitis. Despite the fact that these microorganisms have been habitually found within placentae of pregnancies with chorioamnionitis, the role of Ureaplasma species as a causative agent has not been satisfactorily explained. There is also controversy surrounding their role in disease, particularly as not all women infected with Ureaplasma spp. develop chorioamnionitis. In this review, we provide evidence that Ureaplasma spp. are associated with diseases of pregnancy and discuss recent findings which demonstrate that Ureaplasma spp. are associated with chorioamnionitis, regardless of gestational age at the time of delivery. Here, we also discuss the proposed major virulence factors of Ureaplasma spp., with a focus on the multiple-banded antigen (MBA), which may facilitate modulation/alteration of the host immune response and potentially explain why only subpopulations of infected women experience adverse pregnancy outcomes. The information presented within this review confirms that Ureaplasma spp. are not simply “innocent bystanders” in disease and highlights that these microorganisms are an often underestimated pathogen of pregnancy.

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“…The most common pathway of intrauterine infection is vaginal and cervical infections and ascending route to amniotic cavity [6]. In addition, coinfection of mycoplasmas with other bacteria in the maternal genital tract during early gestation or preconception has been associated with spontaneous preterm birth, preterm premature rupture of the membranes, prematurity, spontaneous abortion, and perinatal morbidity and mortality 7, 8, 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case–control Study on the Relationship between Mycoplasma genitalium Infection in Women with Normal Pregnancy and Spontaneous Abortion using Polymerase Chain Reaction

Ramazanzadeh

Khodabandehloo

Farhadifar

et al. 2016

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

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ObjectivesMycoplasma genitalium infections are suggested as causes of a number of pathological outcomes in pregnant women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of M. genitalium infections among pregnant women and its association with spontaneous abortion.MethodsIn this case–control study we included 109 women with spontaneous abortion with a gestational age of 10–20 weeks (patients), and 109 women with normal pregnancy with a gestational age of 20–37 weeks (controls) in Sanandaj, Iran. Using specific primers and extracted DNA from endocervical swabs, a polymerase chain reaction was conducted for the detection of M. genitalium infection in both groups.ResultsThe frequency of M. genitalium infection in patient and control groups was one (0.91%) and three (2.75%), respectively. In both control and patient groups using Fisher test, no association between mycoplasma infection and spontaneous abortion was seen.ConclusionM. genitalium may be positive in the genital tract of some pregnant women but was not associated with spontaneous abortion. Further powerful studies with larger sample sizes are needed for the determination of a possible role of M. genitalium in pregnancy outcomes and spontaneous abortion.

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The Prevalence of Vaginal Microorganisms in Pregnant Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Birth

Cited by 79 publications

References 30 publications

Epidemiologic Factors and Urogenital Infections Associated With Preterm Birth in a Midwestern U.S. Population

Epidemiologic Factors and Urogenital Infections Associated With Preterm Birth in a Midwestern U.S. Population

The Human Ureaplasma Species as Causative Agents of Chorioamnionitis

A Case–control Study on the Relationship between Mycoplasma genitalium Infection in Women with Normal Pregnancy and Spontaneous Abortion using Polymerase Chain Reaction

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