The prevention of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced inflammation in atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in BALB/c mice by Jawoongo

Abstract

BackgroundJawoongo is an herbal mixture used in traditional medicine to treat skin diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether Jawoongo ameliorates Atopic dermatitis (AD)-like pathology in mice and to understand its underlying cellular mechanisms.MethodsAD was induced by 2, 4-Dinitrocholrlbenzene (DNCB) in BALB/c mice. Treatment with Jawoongo was assessed to study the effect of Jawoongo on AD in mice. Histological Analysis, blood analysis, RT-PCR, western blot analysis, ELISA assay and cell viability assay were performed to verify the inhibitory effect of Jawoongo on AD in mice.ResultsWe found that application of Jawoongo in an ointment form on AD-like skin lesions on DNCB-exposed BALB/c mice reduced skin thickness and ameliorated skin infiltration with inflammatory cells, mast cells and CD4+ cells. The ointment also reduced the mRNA levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-13 and TNF-α in the sensitized skin. Leukocyte counts and the levels of IgE, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 were decreased in the blood of the DNCB-treated mice. Furthermore, studies on cultured cells demonstrated that Jawoongo exhibits anti-inflammatory activities, including the suppression of proinflammatory cytokine expression, nitric oxide (NO) production, and inflammation-associated molecule levels in numerous types of agonist-stimulated innate immune cell, including human mast cells (HMC-1), murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, and splenocytes isolated from mice.ConclusionThese findings indicate that Jawoongo alleviates DNCB-induced AD-like symptoms via the modulation of several inflammatory responses, indicating that Jawoongo might be a useful drug for the treatment of AD.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2280-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Gardenia Jasminoides Ameliorates Antibiotic-Associated Aggravation of DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis by Restoring the Intestinal Microbiome Profile

“…An increased number of immune cells in the blood is a classical symptom of AD patients [ 15 , 16 ]. Therefore, after the induction of AD with DNCB in BALB/c mice, the number of immune cells in blood was measured using a HEMAVET 950 hematology analyzer.…”

Topical Spilanthol Inhibits MAPK Signaling and Ameliorates Allergic Inflammation in DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis in Mice

“…In this study, we investigated the anti-AD activity of SP in BALB/c mice with DNCB-induced AD. DNCB is an allergenic chemical commonly used to induce AD in animal models [27,29]. Environmental or allergic AD is known as extrinsic type AD, and genetic or non-allergic AD is known as intrinsic type AD [30].…”

“…Skin epidermal barrier dysfunction causing hardening and fragility of the skin surface is one of the main causes of AD, and inflammation can be modulated to reduce skin barrier function, thus aggravating lesions [29,30]. In addition, studies have indicated that constituents of MAPK pathways, including ERK, JNK, and p38, are involved in the pathogenesis of AD; in other words, AD is a chronic allergic inflammatory skin disease [38].…”

Ameliorative effects of sea buckthorn oil on DNCB induced atopic dermatitis model mice via regulation the balance of Th1/Th2

“…In consideration of potential fearful side effect of topical steroid and immunosuppressive application [14,16], there is a strong enthusiasm in seeking alternative and complementary medication to treat AD. Recently, seeking new potential candidate from natural materials for AD management attracted greatly attention [11,[17][18][19][20].…”