The prevention of hepatitis C virus transmission to hemodialysis patients and staff members

Jadoul, Michel

doi:10.1111/hdi.12652

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Finally, there are concerns regarding dialysis‐related transmission of HCV. Despite awareness and universal infection control precautions nosocomial transmission still occurs in dialysis units . A short‐to medium term goal should be HCV‐free dialysis units to minimize the risk of new HCV cases occurring in hemodialysis patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct acting anti‐viral medications for hepatitis C: Clinical trials in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Bruchfeld

Lindahl

2018

Seminars in Dialysis

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Hepatitis C is a global health concern, with important implications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to its increased prevalence in this population. Patients with advanced CKD have until recently been excluded from the pivotal direct acting antiviral (DAA) trials, which have demonstrated high virological cure numbers. Sofosbuvir-free DAAs dasabuvir, ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir with or without ribavirin, and elbasvir/grazoprevir are well-tolerated in patients with genotype 1 and 4 CHC with CKD 4 or 5 (including HD), with virologic cure rates of above 90%, in both single-arm and placebo-controlled studies. More recently a pangenotypic approach using glecaprevir and pibrentasvir has also been shown to be highly effective in CKD 4-5. With increasingly successful treatment options with minimal side-effects most hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with CKD and ESRD can be cured.Outstanding issues to be considered is how to raise the awareness of the availability of safe DAAs and excellent outcomes in CKD, and moreover to define optimal timing of treatment and address the question of HCV eradication in all stages of CKD including the dialysis population.Seminars in Dialysis. 2019;32:135-140.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/sdi

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct acting anti‐viral medications for hepatitis C: Clinical trials in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Bruchfeld

Lindahl

2018

Seminars in Dialysis

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“…Nonetheless, HCV prevalence remains far higher in people receiving hemodialysis than in the general population. [48][49][50] In low-income countries, both transfusion of contaminated blood products and hand-borne nosocomial transmission continue to be major infection pathways, 13 but for high-income countries, the latter is currently the key pathway. 51 Interferon-based therapies are not well tolerated by hemodialysis patients, as reflected in treatment rates of 1 to 4% in high-income countries.…”

Section: Hemodialysis Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 Thorough training and strict adherence to infection control protocols by staff are necessary to prevent future infections. 48,58 There also is a need for rigorous screening to ensure that no new recipients of hemodialysis have HCV since such cases would allow for the reintroduction of HCV in hemodialysis units where progress has been made toward HCV elimination. The widespread treatment of HCV in people receiving hemodialysis will likely achieve the "treatment as prevention" outcome of reducing the incidence of transmission in hemodialysis units when paired with appropriate prevention measures.…”

Section: Hemodialysis Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Micro-Elimination Approach to Eliminating Hepatitis C: Strategic and Operational Considerations

et al. 2018

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The introduction of efficacious new hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments galvanized the World Health Organization to define ambitious targets for eliminating HCV as a public health threat by 2030. Formidable obstacles to reaching this goal can best be overcome through a micro-elimination approach, which entails pursuing elimination goals in discrete populations through multi-stakeholder initiatives that tailor interventions to the needs of these populations. Micro-elimination is less daunting, less complex, and less costly than full-scale, country-level initiatives to eliminate HCV, and it can build momentum by producing small victories that inspire more ambitious efforts. The micro-elimination approach encourages stakeholders who are most knowledgeable about specific populations to engage with each other and also promotes the uptake of new models of care. Examples of micro-elimination target populations include medical patients, people who inject drugs, migrants, and prisoners, although candidate populations can be expected to vary greatly in different countries and subnational areas.

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“…Infection control procedures employed for other blood‐borne pathogens such as HBV and HIV also prevent the nosocomial transmission of HCV. KDIGO recommends full compliance with these practices (Recommendation 3.1; see Box 3) which include staff education, hand hygiene before and after patient contact, glove use for patient contact, and use of single‐use vials for parenteral medicines . Dialysis stations should be cleaned thoroughly with low‐level disinfectant following dialysis treatment and with higher‐level disinfectants when visible contamination is present.…”

Section: Kdigo Guideline Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of HCV outbreaks in HD units consistently have demonstrated incomplete adherence to these practices with infection control audits revealing breakdowns in hand hygiene and in handling of parenteral medications as well inadequate cleaning of dialysis stations . KDIGO and the CDC recommend regular audits of infection control practices within HD units (Recommendation 3.1.1) …”

Section: Kdigo Guideline Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary of the 2018 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Guideline on hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease

Gordon

Balk

Francis

2018

Seminars in Dialysis

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KDIGO recently updated its clinical practice guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The management of HCV in patients with CKD has dramatically shifted over the past 10 years with the development of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents and subsequent demonstration of their efficacy in CKD populations. The opportunity to cure HCV with DAA treatment has impacted all aspects of the KDIGO guideline on HCV in CKD including: (a) HCV diagnosis in CKD populations; (b) HCV treatment in CKD populations; (c) preventing HCV transmission in HD units; (d) management of HCV before and after kidney transplantation; and (e) management of HCV-associated glomerular disease. This review summarizes and discusses the major recommendations, along with the implication of the guideline on clinical practice.

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The prevention of hepatitis C virus transmission to hemodialysis patients and staff members

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Direct acting anti‐viral medications for hepatitis C: Clinical trials in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Direct acting anti‐viral medications for hepatitis C: Clinical trials in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

The Micro-Elimination Approach to Eliminating Hepatitis C: Strategic and Operational Considerations

Summary of the 2018 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Guideline on hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease

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