This study proposes a managerial discretion hypothesis of equity carve-outs in which managers value control over assets and are reluctant to carve out subsidiaries. Thus, managers undertake carve-outs only when the firm is capital constrained. Consistent with this hypothesis, firms that carve out subsidiaries exhibit poor operating performance and high leverage prior to carve-outs. Also consistent with this hypothesis, in carve-outs wherein funds raised are used to pay down debt, the average excess stock return of ϩ6.63 percent is significantly greater than the average excess stock return of Ϫ0.01 percent for carve-outs wherein funds are retained for investment purposes.IN THIS STUDY, WE INVESTIGATE the financial and operating performance of firms that undertake equity carve-outs and analyze the cross section of excess stock returns around the announcement of these transactions. In an equity carve-out, a firm offers to sell shares in a wholly owned subsidiary to the public. As such, a carve-out can be viewed as the sale of an asset or as an equity offering. Schipper and Smith (1986) focus on carve-outs as equity offerings and compare the announcement period stock returns of carve-outs with those of seasoned equity offerings. In this study, we view the carve-out as the sale of an asset which is intended to raise funds to finance other activities of the parent or the subsidiary.In viewing equity carve-outs as asset sales, we borrow from the work of Lang, Poulsen, and Stulz (1995) who propose and test a "financing hypothesis" to explain the cross section of excess stock returns around announcements of asset sales. The characterization of an equity carve-out as a sale of assets must be tempered by the fact that certain features distinguish carveouts from outright asset sales. Equity carve-outs are asset sales to public shareholders as opposed to a single buyer, carve-outs are undertaken explicitly for the purpose of raising funds in the capital market, and the parent firm typically continues to hold a substantial fraction of the equity of the carved out subsidiary following the offering. Equity carve-outs are similar to asset sales in that funds raised in the offering can be either retained within