“…In amphibians, the complete mtDNA sequences have been obtained in only two species, the clawed frog Xenopus laevis (Roe et al, 1985) and the caecilian Typhlonectes natans (Zardoya and Meyer, 2000). Partial sequence data on gene arrangements have been published in several anuran species: Rana catesbeiana (Yoneyama, 1987;Fujii et al, 1988;Nagae, 1988); Rhacophorus taipeianus (Yang et al, 1994); Rana limnocharis (Macey et al, 1997); Rana pipiens (Feller and Hedges, 1998); Rana nigromaculata and Rana porosa (Sumida et al, 2000b); Rana boylii (Macey et al, 2001). Examination of partial sequences from these Rana species mtDNAs suggests that frog mtDNA has a similar gene content but different genomic organization, and that several gene rearrangements have occurred in anurans.…”