The Primary Results of the Treating Adult Smokers at Risk for Weight Gain with Interactive Technology (TARGIT) Study

Johnson, Karen C.; Thomas, Fridtjof; Richey, Phyllis A.; Tran, Quynh; Tylavsky, Frances A.; Miro, Danielle; Coday, Mathilda

doi:10.1002/oby.21968

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Of the 51 included studies, a total of 43 measured change in weight, with 41 of these having an objective measure of weight and two using a self‐report measure for weight . This includes 19 studies from the meta‐analysis and a further 24 studies that reported weight as an outcome with results in a format that was not compatible for inclusion in the meta‐analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these 43 studies, 14 reported statistically significant between‐group reductions in weight (as shown in Table S2). Of the 43 studies, 15 were weight loss interventions and 28 were weight‐gain prevention interventions . Specifically, for the weight loss studies, four of the 15 (27%) demonstrated significant reductions in weight when compared with control .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2020

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Young adulthood is associated with the highest rate of weight gain compared with any other adult age group. This review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions with adiposity outcomes among young adults and identifies which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) are most effective. BCT utilization was assessed using Michie's 93-item BCT Taxonomy v1. Six electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing change in adiposity in young adults (17-35 years) until December 2019; identifying 21,582 articles. Fifty-one studies were included. Metaanalyses for weight (n=19 studies), body mass index (BMI) (n=20 studies), and waistcircumference (n=10 studies) demonstrated no significant between-group differences at ≤3 or >3 months. There were no differences between interventions focusing on weight loss or weight-gain prevention. Narrative synthesis showed significant between-group differences in weight change, favouring the intervention in 14/43 (33%) studies. In studies assessing BMI and waist circumference, this was 31% (11/36) and 25% (4/16). Two BCTs had a percentage effectiveness ratio >50% in weight loss interventions; social support (unspecified) and self-monitoring behaviour, and one in weight-gain prevention interventions; and goal-setting (outcome). Findings demonstrate initial potential for these types of BCTs and can help build cumulative evidence towards delivering effective, cost-efficient, and replicable interventions. K E Y W O R D S behaviour change, obesity, young adults

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2020

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“…Table 1 includes a brief description of each of the treatment arms organized by intervention target: weight loss (WL); weight gain prevention (WGP); or weight management among special populations (SP). Table 1 also shows the variability of intervention dose and delivery methods as planned and the variability of average weight change after 12 months (2,4,6,7,20–22). For decomposition purposes, five arms were considered true controls hereafter called “controls”; the remaining 12 arms including active controls and intervention are called “interventions”.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the studies focused on weight loss (IDEA, (2), CITY, (3), SMART, (4)). Two studies focused on weight gain prevention (SNAP, (5) CHOICES, (6)), and two studies focused on other outcomes in special populations including preventing weight gain during smoking cessation attempts (TARGIT, (7)), and gestational weight gain and post-partum weight loss (eMoms, (8)). All EARLY interventions were delivered using technology, including the internet, cell phones, apps, and exercise tracking devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Tate

Lytle

Polzien

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Objective: The goal of the present study was to deconstruct the 17 treatment arms used in the EARLY weight management trials. Methods: Intervention materials were coded to reflect behavioral domains and BCTs within those domains planned for each treatment arm. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine an emphasis profile of domains in each intervention. Results: The intervention arms used BCTs from all of the 16 domains with an average of 29.3 BCTs per intervention arm. All 12 of the interventions included BCTs from the six domains of Goals and Planning, Feedback and Monitoring, Social Support, Shaping Knowledge, Natural Consequences, and Comparison of Outcomes. Eleven of the 12 interventions shared 15 BCTs in common across those 6 domains. Conclusions: Weight management interventions are complex. The shared set of BCTs used in the EARLY trials may represent a core intervention that could be studied to determine the required emphases of BCTs and if additional BCTs add or detract from efficacy. Deconstructing interventions will aid in reproducibility and understanding of active ingredients.

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“…The TARGIT study, a recent efficacy trial testing combined tobacco and weight management treatments also found no significant intervention effects or differences on tobacco abstinence or weight gain. Controls gained an average of 1.45 kg; the intervention group gained an average of 0.32 kg [ 33 ]. The weight gain reported in the Spring et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous vs. sequential treatment for smoking and weight management in tobacco quitlines: 6 and 12 month outcomes from a randomized trial

Bush¹,

Lovejoy²,

Javitz³

et al. 2018

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundSmoking cessation often results in weight gain which discourages many smokers from quitting and can increase health risks. Treatments to reduce cessation-related weight gain have been tested in highly controlled trials of in-person treatment, but have never been tested in a real-world setting, which has inhibited dissemination.MethodsThe Best Quit Study (BQS) is a replication and “real world” translation using telephone delivery of a prior in-person efficacy trial. Design: randomized control trial in a quitline setting. Eligible smokers (n = 2540) were randomized to the standard 5-call quitline intervention or quitline plus simultaneous or sequential weight management. Regression analyses tested effectiveness of treatments on self-reported smoking abstinence and weight change at 6 and 12 months.ResultsStudy enrollees were from 10 commercial employer groups and three state quitlines. Participants were between ages 18–72, 65.8% female, 68.2% white; 23.0% Medicaid-insured, and 76.3% overweight/obese. The follow-up response rate was lower in the simultaneous group than the control group at 6 months (p = 0.01). While a completers analysis of 30-day point prevalence abstinence detected no differences among groups at 6 or 12 months, multiply imputed abstinence showed quit rate differences at 6 months for:simultaneous (40.3%) vs. sequential (48.3%), p = 0.034 and simultaneous vs. control (44.9%), p = 0.043. At 12 months, multiply imputed abstinence, was significantly lower for the simultaneous group (40.7%) vs. control (46.0%), p < 0.05 and vs. sequential (46.3%), p < 0.05. Weight gain at 6 and 12 months was minimal and not different among treatment groups. The sequential group completed fewer total calls (3.75) vs. control (4.16) and vs. simultaneous group (3.83), p = 0.01, and fewer weight calls (0.94) than simultaneous (2.33), p < 0.0001. The number of calls completed predicted 30-day abstinence, p < 0.001, but not weight outcomes.DiscussionThis study offers a model for evaluating population-level public health interventions conducted in partnership with tobacco quitlines.ConclusionsSimultaneous (vs. sequential) delivery of phone/web weight management with cessation treatment in the quitline setting may adversely affect quit rate. Neither a simultaneous nor sequential approach to addressing weight produced any benefit on suppressing weight gain. This study highlights the need and the challenges of testing intensive interventions in real-world settings.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01867983. Registered: May 30, 2013.

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The Primary Results of the Treating Adult Smokers at Risk for Weight Gain with Interactive Technology (TARGIT) Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Which behaviour change techniques within interventions to prevent weight gain and/or initiate weight loss improve adiposity outcomes in young adults? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Deconstructing Weight Management Interventions for Young Adults: Looking Inside the Black Box of the EARLY Consortium Trials

Simultaneous vs. sequential treatment for smoking and weight management in tobacco quitlines: 6 and 12 month outcomes from a randomized trial

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