The principal components of reflectances

Spectral Reflectivity Recovery from Tristimulus Values Using 3D Extrapolation with 3D Interpolation

“…Various techniques can be applied in such cases: different versions of principal-component analysis (PCA) and nonnegative matrix transformation (NMT) have been applied to the spectral recovery of "outside color gamut data" [2][3][4][5][6][7][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In Table 1 we report the statistical values for various PCA and NMT techniques, as well as for our interpolation technique.…”

“…Recently there has been considerable interest in spectral reflectivity recovery methods in the field of color science [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] because of their fundamental importance, as well as their technological significance. In general, the color of an object is determined by the illumination conditions and the reflectivity of the surface material [8][9][10].…”

“…The spectral behavior of a colored object is known to be the fingerprint of the color, which is independent of the applied light source and the observer (for nonfluorescent materials). Spectral reflectivity recovery is also important for multispectral image processing, color consistency, color reconstruction, and color image processing [1][2][3].…”

“…The solution also depends on the noise and initial conditions [11][12][13]. Two major methods for spectral reflectivity recovery are the pseudo-inverse technique [2][3][4][5][6][14][15][16][17] and the interpolation technique [7,[18][19][20]. In the pseudo-inverse technique, principal-component analysis [2][3][4][5][6][14][15][16] and nonnegative matrix transformation [7,17,[21][22][23] are developed with various adaptation techniques.…”

Measuring Reflectance Spectra of Textile Fabrics by Scanner

“…By grading the eigenvectors for descending eigenvalues, so that largest is first, one can create an ordered orthogonal method with the first eigenvector having the direction of largest variance of the data. In this way, we can find directions in which the data set has the most significant amounts of energy and variation [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”