Resistance to the construction of a new motorway link through Twyford Down in the 1990s made the name of this small part of Hampshire, England, symbolic of contemporary environmental protest in Britain. But a little-known part of the story concerns the use of environmental restoration by proponents and opponents of the new road. This paper investigates how the 'restoration rhetoric' was used in the Twyford Down case and also how it was translated into practice on the ground. It shows that environmental restoration is neither necessarily good nor bad for environmental protection, but that its very plasticity can be moulded by different hands and contexts.he Twyford Down anti-road compaign in the early 1990s is often regarded as the cradle of contemporary environmental protest in Britain. The protestors occupied historically and environmentally important sites and, for a time, frustrated attempts to cut a new motorway link through them. National media coverage of these attempts and of the Dongas, the name taken by those who camped on site to describe their 'tribe', brought the passionate commitment of the environmental protestors to millions, and the resulting political alliances, networks and discourses went on to inspire groups like Alarm UK and Reclaim the Streets as well as specific anti-road protests elsewhere in England and Scotland. Although subsequent sites of resistance have been well researched and some activists have put down on paper their own stories about Twyford Down, 1 little has yet been published that academically interprets these events. I find this surprising, because Twyford Down stands now as an icon for the environmental movement, for threatened landscapes and for cultures of protest. As Jonathon Porritt suggests, 'Far from being the final battle, Twyford Down was but the first . . . Long after the Twyford Down campaign was lost, and the Dongas had been brutally routed, Twyford Down continues to work its magic as a symbol of opposition to cultural geographies 2002 9: 313-333