The Problem of Phosphorus in France – Its Presence in Natural Waters and Biological Phosphorus Removal

Abstract

The problem of nutrient inputs to surface waters is reviewed. These inputs lead to eutrophication and an undesirable decrease in water quality. The origin and effects of eutrophication, and the principles of its control are described. The preferred method of control is through the reduction of phosphorus inputs. The origins of phosphorus inputs and methods of limiting these are considered, in particular through physico-chemical and biological treatment processes in sewage treatment plants. It is concluded that efficient control of eutrophication through reduction of phosphorus inputs is possible.

Municipal Wastewater Management

“…Although sewage contains several plant nutrients, phosphorus and nitrogen are most commonly implicated in the onset of eutrophication problems. Human metabolism results in the production of about 2 g of phosphorus per day per person and, in western nations, another 2 g is generated per person per day through the use of detergents and other agents (Vinconneau et al 1985).…”